Revisions in real time: Spanish heritage language learners' writing processes in English and Spanish

This study presents data about the types of revisions and amount of time spent revising paragraph-length comparison essays in English and Spanish for 12 Spanish-as-a-heritage-language learners who were enrolled in a third-year Spanish course. Although most participants made revisions to both surface features and meaning in both languages, students devoted more time to meaning revisions and overall (surface and meaning) revisions when writing in English. The finding that revision behaviors were essentially the same in both English and Spanish suggests cross-linguistic transfer.

[1]  Graeme Keith Porte,et al.  When writing fails: How academic context and past learning experiences shape revision , 1996 .

[2]  Graeme Porte.  The etiology of poor second language writing: the influence of perceived teacher preferences on second language revision strategies , 1997 .

[3]  S. Montrul.  Second language acquisition and first language loss in adult early bilinguals: exploring some differences and similarities , 2005 .

[4]  Chris Hall,et al.  Managing the Complexity of Revising Across Languages , 1990 .

[5]  Helga Thorson.  Using the Computer To Compare Foreign and Native Language Writing Processes: A Statistical and Case Study Approach. , 2000 .

[6]  Miyuki Sasaki,et al.  A Multiple‐Data Analysis of the 3.5‐Year Development of EFL Student Writers , 2004 .

[7]  J. Hayes,et al.  A Cognitive Process Theory of Writing , 1981, College Composition & Communication.

[8]  Vivian Zamel.  Responding to Student Writing , 1985 .

[9]  Miyuki Sasaki,et al.  Explanatory Variables for EFL Students' Expository Writing , 1996 .

[10]  Alister Cumming,et al.  WRITING EXPERTISE AND SECOND LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY , 1989 .

[11]  Karen Whalen,et al.  L1 and L2 Writers' Strategic and Linguistic Knowledge: A Model of Multiple‐Level Discourse Processing , 1995 .

[12]  Liz Hamp-Lyons,et al.  Second Language Writing: Second language writing: assessment issues , 1990 .

[13]  Kristyan Spelman Miller.  Second language writing research and pedagogy: a role for computer logging? , 2005 .

[14]  Idoia Elola,et al.  Spanish Heritage Language Learners' Allocation of Time to Writing Processes in English and Spanish , 2011, Hispania.

[15]  K. Potowski.  Characteristics of the Spanish grammar and sociolinguistic proficiency of dual immersion graduates , 2007 .

[16]  L. V. Waes,et al.  Writing profiles : the effect of the writing mode on pausing and revision patterns of experienced writers , 2003 .

[17]  María Rosario Montaño-Harmon.  Discourse Features of Written Mexican Spanish: Current Research in Contrastive Rhetoric and Its Implications. , 1991 .

[18]  Rosa M. Manchón.  L2 writing development : multiple perspectives , 2012 .

[19]  Barbara Kroll,et al.  Reading-Writing Relationships in First and Second Language† , 1990 .

[20]  Liz Murphy,et al.  The use of restructuring strategies in EFL writing: A study of Spanish learners of English as a foreign language , 1999 .

[21]  Liz Murphy,et al.  A Temporal Analysis of Formulation Processes in L1 and L2 Writing. , 2001 .

[22]  M. C. Colombi.  A Systemic Functional Approach to Teaching Spanish for Heritage Speakers in the United States. , 2009 .

[23]  J. Hayes,et al.  Fluency in Writing , 2001 .

[24]  Jill Fitzgerald,et al.  Research on Revision in Writing , 1987 .

[25]  Liz Murphy,et al.  The foreign language writer's strategic behaviour in the allocation of time to writing processes , 2008 .

[26]  Kristyan Spelman Miller.  Academic writers on-line: investigating pausing in the production of text , 2000 .

[27]  S. Montrul.  Incomplete acquisition and attrition of Spanish tense/aspect distinctions in adult bilinguals , 2002, Bilingualism: Language and Cognition.

[28]  Is thinking aloud reactive when writing in the heritage language , 2012 .

[29]  Lucile Chanquoy,et al.  Revision : cognitive and instructional processes , 2004 .

[30]  P. Robinson.  Task complexity, task difficulty, and task production: exploring interactions in a componential framework , 2001 .