Augmented reality tower technology flight test

Augmented reality technology adapted for air traffic control tower applications was used to track an OH-58C helicopter in proximity to an airport. A camera and 'see-through' display system was used to measure the registration error of static airport features and dynamic test aircraft. The observed registration errors of the test aircraft were largely attributable to two terms of error: 1) aircraft surveillance transport latency, and 2) registration error (from all sources) of the static environment. Compensating for registration errors of static objects and modeling aircraft movement reduces registration errors for dynamic (aircraft) objects to ≤2° of error for aircraft-surveillance transport latency ≤ 5 seconds, and to ≤1° of error for transport latency ≤ 2 seconds.

[1]  Steven K. Feiner,et al.  Augmented reality: a new way of seeing. , 2002, Scientific American.

[2]  Randall E. Bailey,et al.  Enhanced and synthetic vision for terminal maneuvering area NextGen operations , 2011, Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[3]  Herman Rediess.  An augmented reality pilot display for airport operations under low and zero visibility conditions , 1997 .

[4]  Bernard D. Adelstein,et al.  Augmented Reality in a Simulated Tower Environment: Effect of Field of View on Aircraft Detection , 2002 .

[5]  Ulrich Neumann,et al.  Dynamic registration correction in video-based augmented reality systems , 1995, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.

[6]  Stephen R. Ellis.  Towards Determination of Visual Requirements for Augmented Reality Displays and Virtual Environments for the Airport Tower , 2006 .

[7]  John W. Ruffner,et al.  Usability Considerations for a Tower Controller Near-Eye Augmented Reality Display: (577822012-014) , 2007 .

[8]  Ronald Azuma,et al.  Improving static and dynamic registration in an optical see-through HMD , 1994, SIGGRAPH.

[9]  John W. Ruffner,et al.  Usability Considerations for a Tower Controller Near-Eye Augmented Reality Display , 2007 .

[10]  Anthony D. Andre,et al.  Taxiway Navigation and Situation Awareness (T-NASA) System: Problem, Design Philosophy, and Description of an Integrated Display Suite for Low-Visibility Airport Surface Operations , 1996 .

[11]  Randall E. Bailey,et al.  Flight testing an integrated synthetic vision system , 2005, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[12]  Ronald Reisman,et al.  Design of Augmented Reality Tools for Air Traffic Control Towers , 2006 .

[13]  Lionel Médini,et al.  Reinventing the familiar: exploring an augmented reality design space for air traffic control , 1998, CHI.

[14]  Stephen R. Ellis,et al.  Perspective Traffic Display Format and Airline Pilot Traffic Avoidance , 1987 .

[15]  Stephen R. Ellis,et al.  Frame Rate Effects on Visual Discrimination of Landing Aircraft Deceleration , 2011 .

[16]  Randall E. Bailey,et al.  Synthetic Vision Enhanced Surface Operations With Head-Worn Display for Commercial Aircraft , 2009 .

[17]  Jimmy Krozel,et al.  Advanced human-computer interfaces for air traffic management and simulation , 1996 .

[18]  Ronald Reisman,et al.  Augmented Reality Tower Technology Assessment , 2009 .

[19]  Norbert Fürstenau,et al.  Augmented Vision Videopanorama System for Remote Airport Tower Operation , 2008 .

[20]  Stephen R. Ellis,et al.  Air traffic control tower augmented reality field study , 2005, SIGGRAPH '05.

[21]  Stephen R. Ellis,et al.  Augmented reality for air traffic control towers , 2003, SIGGRAPH '03.

[22]  Stephen R. Ellis,et al.  Static and Motion-Based Visual Features Used by Airport Tower Controllers: Some Implications for the Design of Remote or Virtual Towers , 2011 .