Hardware-in-the-loop simulation for the design and testing of engine-control systems

Abstract For the design, implementation and testing of control systems hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation is increasingly being required, where some of the control-loop components are real hardware, and some are simulated. Usually, a process is simulated because it is not available (simultaneous engineering), or because experiments with the real process are too costly or require too much time. The real-time requirements for such simulations depend on the time-scale of the process and the simulated components involved. This paper gives, first, an overview of the various kinds of real-time and HIL simulation. Then, two cases are considered. First, HIL simulation for relatively slow processes, like those in basic industries or heating systems, is discussed. Then, the HIL simulation of combustion engines is shown in detail. The required models are described. Comparisons between real-time simulations and measurements on real diesel engines and trucks are shown. The goal of the HIL system is to develop new control algorithms and to investigate the effect of faults, both in sensors and actuators, and the engine itself.

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