Simple Transmit Diversity Techniques for Wireless Communications

Multipath fading encountered in time-varying channel renders wireless communications highly non-reliable. To obtain an average bit-error rate of 10−3 using BPSK modulation with coherent detection, performance degradation due to Rayleigh fading can account for a SNR of 15 dB higher than in AWGN [1]. This paper is limited to the review of several study cases of MISO configuration where suitable coding or signal processing techniques are exploited to allow the extraction of transmit diversity without channel knowledge at the receiver. If the subchannels associated with transmit antennas have independent fades, the order of diversity is proven to be equal to the number of transmit antennas. This approach is attractive in public broadcasting systems such as cellular (for voice) or broadband wireless access (for data communications) to keep the subscriber-side equipment cost down with simpler hardware requirement and more compact form factor by avoiding the implementation of several receive antennas.

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