Dependence of image distortion in a liquid-cell atomic force microscope on fluidic properties

When the standard grating sample was tested in seven different fluids using a liquid atomic force microscope, it was observed that the images were significantly distorted. It was proposed as a modified squeeze-drag superposition model for the elucidation of image distortion. This model considers the net force between the cantilever and the sample for scanning with the y direction. It was found that the net force between the cantilever and the sample was strongly dependent on the kinematic viscosity of fluids. These image distortion phenomena were proven by the proposed model with the experiments.