Imaging dynamic processes using fiber laser optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy

Recently we have reported in vivo near-real-time volumetric optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) using a high pulse-repetition-rate (PRR) nanosecond fiber-laser to realize 2 volumetric image frames per second (fps) within 1mm × 1mm field of view (FOV). Based on our previous OR-PAM system, we are developing a label-free realtime OR-PAM system in reflection mode for higher frame-rates. The system permits imaging of microcirculation hemodynamics, and helps make the technology easier to use for biologists, providing real-time feedback for focusing and positioning. Using a nanosecond-pulsed 532-nm fiber laser combined with fast-scanning mirrors, our proposed system demonstrated its capability of sustained in vivo imaging of horizontal and vertical translation at 0.5 fps for 1mm × 1mm FOV (400 × 400 pixels). Also, real-time in vivo imaging of blood flow at 30 fps for 250μm × 250μm FOV (100 × 100 pixels) was demonstrated. It is anticipated that the real-time nature of the system should prove important in clinical and preclinical adaption, and may prove useful for functional brain imaging studies.

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