Leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in diabetic retina after transient retinal ischemia.

Diabetes is associated with increased neural damage after transient cerebral ischemia. Recently, leukocytes, which are thought to play a central role in ischemia-reperfusion injury, have been suggested to be involved in exacerbated damage after transient ischemia in diabetic animals. The present study was designed to clarify whether the anticipated worse outcome after transient cerebral ischemia in diabetic animals was due to augmented leukocyte-mediated neural injury. Using rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes of 4-wk duration, we investigated leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions during reperfusion after a transient 60-min period of retinal ischemia. Unexpectedly, postischemic diabetic retina showed no active leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions during reperfusion. The maximal numbers of rolling and accumulating leukocytes in diabetic retina were reduced by 73.6 and 41.2%, respectively, compared with those in nondiabetic rats. In addition, neither preischemic insulin treatment of diabetic rats nor preischemic glucose infusion of nondiabetic rats significantly influenced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions during reperfusion. The present study demonstrated that high blood glucose concentration before induction of ischemia did not exacerbate leukocyte involvement in the postischemic retinal injury. Furthermore, diabetic retina showed suppressed leukocyte-endothelial cells interactions after transient ischemia, perhaps due to an adaptive mechanism that developed during the period of induced diabetes.

[1]  Y. Ogura,et al.  Retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury attenuated by blocking of adhesion molecules of vascular endothelium. , 1999, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[2]  Y. Ogura,et al.  Tacrolimus (FK506) attenuates leukocyte accumulation after transient retinal ischemia. , 1998, Stroke.

[3]  Z. Szilvássy,et al.  Adaptation to myocardial stress in disease states: is preconditioning a healthy heart phenomenon? , 1998, Trends in pharmacological sciences.

[4]  G. Remuzzi,et al.  Leukocyte-endothelial interaction is augmented by high glucose concentrations and hyperglycemia in a NF-kB-dependent fashion. , 1998, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[5]  Y. Ogura,et al.  In vivo evaluation of leukocyte dynamics in retinal ischemia reperfusion injury. , 1998, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[6]  P. Kubes,et al.  Preconditioning and adenosine in I/R-induced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions. , 1998, American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology.

[7]  C. Distler,et al.  Biochemical and histological analysis of two Müller cell antibodies in developing and adult cat and rat central nervous system , 1997, Cell and Tissue Research.

[8]  Y. Itoyama,et al.  Postischemic expression of P-selectin immunoreactivity in rat brain , 1997, Neuroscience Letters.

[9]  D. Paulson.  The diabetic heart is more sensitive to ischemic injury. , 1997, Cardiovascular research.

[10]  G. Lopaschuk,et al.  Controversies on the sensitivity of the diabetic heart to ischemic injury: the sensitivity of the diabetic heart to ischemic injury is decreased. , 1997, Cardiovascular research.

[11]  L. Devine,et al.  SV40 large T immortalised cell lines of the rat blood-brain and blood-retinal barriers retain their phenotypic and immunological characteristics , 1996, Journal of Neuroimmunology.

[12]  M. Chopp,et al.  E-Selectin in Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion in the Rat , 1996, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[13]  R. Korthuis,et al.  Ischemic preconditioning attenuates postischemic leukocyte adhesion and emigration. , 1996, The American journal of physiology.

[14]  M. Santucci,et al.  Effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 on fluid-phase permeability and ammonia diffusion in CNS-derived endothelial cells. , 1996, Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research.

[15]  W. Lanier,et al.  Glucose modulation of ischemic brain injury: review and clinical recommendations. , 1996, Mayo Clinic proceedings.

[16]  K Miyamoto,et al.  Visualization and quantitative analysis of leukocyte dynamics in retinal microcirculation of rats. , 1996, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[17]  Á. Tósaki,et al.  The evolution of diabetic response to ischemia/reperfusion and preconditioning in isolated working rat hearts. , 1996, Cardiovascular research.

[18]  Y. Ogura,et al.  Evaluation of retinal microcirculatory alterations in the Goto-Kakizaki rat. A spontaneous model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. , 1996, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[19]  D. Lefer,et al.  Enhanced expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and P-selectin in the diabetic human retina and choroid. , 1995, The American journal of pathology.

[20]  M. Hangai,et al.  Interleukin-1 gene expression in transient retinal ischemia in the rat. , 1995, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[21]  T. Yue,et al.  Upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) on brain microvascular endothelial cells in rat ischemic cortex. , 1994, Brain research. Molecular brain research.

[22]  Michael Chopp,et al.  Temporal profile of ischemic tissue damage, neutrophil response, and vascular plugging following permanent and transient (2H) middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat , 1994, Journal of the Neurological Sciences.

[23]  A. M. Lefer,et al.  Role of P-selectin in microvascular leukocyte-endothelial interaction in splanchnic ischemia-reperfusion. , 1994, The American journal of physiology.

[24]  D. Hatchell,et al.  Neutrophils plug capillaries in acute experimental retinal ischemia. , 1994, Microvascular research.

[25]  A. Villringer,et al.  Cortical Hypoperfusion After Global Forebrain Ischemia in Rats Is Not Caused by Microvascular Leukocyte Plugging , 1994, Stroke.

[26]  M. Todd,et al.  Insulin‐Induced Normoglycemia Improves Ischemic Outcome in Hyperglycemic Rats , 1992, Stroke.

[27]  D. Hatchell,et al.  Enhanced superoxide radical production by stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes in a cat model of diabetes. , 1992, Experimental eye research.

[28]  P. Kochanek,et al.  Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes and Monocytes/Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Cerebral Ischemia and Stroke , 1992, Stroke.

[29]  M. Dewhirst,et al.  Diminished leukocyte-endothelium interaction in tumor microvessels. , 1992, Cancer research.

[30]  A. McCall.  The Impact of Diabetes on the CNS , 1992, Diabetes.

[31]  G. King,et al.  Evaluating retinal circulation using video fluorescein angiography in control and diabetic rats. , 1992, Current eye research.

[32]  Z. Fortes,et al.  Direct Vital Microscopic Study of Defective Leukocyte-Endothelial Interaction in Diabetes Mellitus , 1991, Diabetes.

[33]  R. Rothlein,et al.  Reduction of central nervous system ischemic injury by monoclonal antibody to intercellular adhesion molecule. , 1991, Journal of neurosurgery.

[34]  P. Braquet,et al.  Ischemia and reperfusion-induced histologic changes in the rat retina. Demonstration of a free radical-mediated mechanism. , 1991, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[35]  W. Lanier,et al.  The effects of transient hyperglycemia on brain glucose in rats anesthetized with halothane. , 1990, Anesthesiology.

[36]  H. Egawa,et al.  Decreased Fluidity of Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Membrane in Streptozocin-Induced Diabetic Rats , 1990, Diabetes.

[37]  C. A. Wilson,et al.  Experimental ischemia induces cell mitosis in the adult rat retina. , 1988, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[38]  A. Wykrętowicz,et al.  Evidence of Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils (PMN) Activation in Patients With Insulin‐Dependent Diabetes Mellitus , 1987, Journal of leukocyte biology.

[39]  M. Nedergaard.  Transient focal ischemia in hyperglycemic rats is associated with increased cerebral infarction , 1987, Brain Research.

[40]  F. Plum,et al.  Moderate hyperglycemia augments ischemic brain damage , 1982, Neurology.

[41]  P. McNamara,et al.  Morbidity and Mortality in Diabetics In the Framingham Population: Sixteen Year Follow-up Study , 1974, Diabetes.

[42]  P. Tso,et al.  Diabetes exacerbates inflammatory responses to ischemia-reperfusion. , 1996, Circulation.

[43]  R. Sercombe,et al.  Cerebrovascular reactivity: role of endothelium/platelet/leukocyte interactions. , 1996, Cerebrovascular and brain metabolism reviews.

[44]  Y. Ogura,et al.  Quantitative evaluation of leukocyte dynamics in retinal microcirculation. , 1995, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[45]  O. Brinchmann‐Hansen.  The light reflex on retinal arteries and veins. A theoretical study and a new technique for measuring width and intensity profiles across retinal vessels. , 1986, Acta ophthalmologica. Supplement.