Fountain Codes With PAPR Constraint for Multicast Communications

The Forward Link Only (FLO) merit of fountain codes is utilized to avoid excessive retransmission requests for multicast communications. Two important and basic classes of fountain codes, Random Linear (RL) codes and Luby Transform (LT) codes, are considered in this paper as application layer Forward Error Correction (FEC) codes. High Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) is a notorious physical layer problem in OFDM systems. We take the PAPR constraint into account in the encoding of fountain codes for OFDM multicast communications. We propose a selective mapping (SLM) technique that selects the best P candidates among the QP candidates. This SLM technique performs significant better than the conventional SLM technique that selects the best candidate among the Q candidates. Mathematical analysis and computer simulation verify the excellence of our designs.

[1]  Shaoqian Li,et al.  A Low Complexity Selected Mapping Scheme by Use of Time Domain Sequence Superposition Technique for PAPR Reduction in OFDM System , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting.

[2]  P. Casari,et al.  Towards Optimal Broadcasting Policies for HARQ based on Fountain Codes in Underwater Networks , 2008, 2008 Fifth Annual Conference on Wireless on Demand Network Systems and Services.

[3]  Rajarathnam Chandramouli,et al.  Reliable Multimedia Transmission Over Cognitive Radio Networks Using Fountain Codes , 2008, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[4]  R. O'Neill,et al.  Envelope variations and spectral splatter in clipped multicarrier signals , 1995, Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications.

[5]  Mario Gerla,et al.  MIMO and TCP: A Case for Cross Layer Design , 2007, MILCOM 2007 - IEEE Military Communications Conference.

[6]  Markus Kampmann,et al.  Delivery of Broadcast Services in 3G Networks , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting.

[7]  Miska M. Hannuksela,et al.  RTP Payload Format for H.264 Video , 2005, RFC.

[8]  Zixiang Xiong,et al.  Scalable Video Multicast Using Expanding Window Fountain Codes , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.

[9]  Lutz H.-J. Lampe,et al.  Data extraction from wireless sensor networks using distributed fountain codes , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[10]  Joong Bum Rhim,et al.  Fountain Codes , 2010 .

[11]  Ramjee Prasad,et al.  OFDM for Wireless Multimedia Communications , 1999 .

[12]  Cornelis H. Slump,et al.  An Opportunistic Error Correction Layer for OFDM Systems , 2009, EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw..

[13]  M. Rao.  Theory of order statistics , 1962 .

[14]  Dongfeng Yuan,et al.  Fountain Codes and Applications to Reliable Wireless Broadcast System , 2006, 2006 IEEE Information Theory Workshop - ITW '06 Chengdu.

[15]  Simon S. Woo,et al.  Prioritized LT codes , 2008, 2008 42nd Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems.

[16]  Alexandros G. Dimakis,et al.  Unequal Growth Codes: Intermediate Performance and Unequal Error Protection for Video Streaming , 2007, 2007 IEEE 9th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing.

[17]  Fuyun Ling,et al.  FLO Physical Layer: An Overview , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting.

[18]  Johannes B. Huber,et al.  SLM peak-power reduction without explicit side information , 2001, IEEE Communications Letters.

[19]  Fady Alajaji,et al.  Joint Source–Channel Coding Error Exponent for Discrete Communication Systems With Markovian Memory , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[20]  Hayder Radha,et al.  Natural growth codes: Partial recovery under random network coding , 2008, 2008 42nd Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems.

[21]  Thomas Stockhammer,et al.  Reliable Multimedia Download Delivery in Cellular Broadcast Networks , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting.

[22]  Douglas L. Jones,et al.  PAR reduction in OFDM via active constellation extension , 2003, IEEE Trans. Broadcast..

[23]  Hwangjun Song,et al.  Path Virtualization Using Fountain Code for Video Streaming over Heterogeneous Networks , 2008, 2008 International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing.

[24]  David Gomez-Barquero,et al.  Multicast Delivery of File Download Services in Evolved 3G Mobile Networks With HSDPA and MBMS , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting.

[25]  Hsin-Yi Chen,et al.  LT codes for OFDM multicast systems with PAPR reduction capability , 2009, IWCMC.

[26]  Vincent Roca,et al.  FLUTE - File Delivery over Unidirectional Transport , 2012, RFC.

[27]  R. Bäuml,et al.  Reducing the peak-to-average power ratio of multicarrier modulation by selected mapping , 1996 .

[28]  Judea Pearl,et al.  Reverend Bayes on Inference Engines: A Distributed Hierarchical Approach , 1982, AAAI.

[29]  J. Tellado,et al.  Multicarrier Modulation with Low Par: Applications to DSL and Wireless , 2000 .

[30]  Farshad Lahouti,et al.  A Fountain Code Approach towards Priority Encoding Transmission , 2006, 2006 IEEE Information Theory Workshop - ITW '06 Chengdu.

[31]  Michael Luby,et al.  LT codes , 2002, The 43rd Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, 2002. Proceedings..

[32]  Robert Michael Tanner,et al.  A recursive approach to low complexity codes , 1981, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[33]  Jean Armstrong,et al.  Peak-to-average power reduction for OFDM by repeated clipping and frequency domain filtering , 2002 .