Apolipoprotein E Genotype : epsilon 32 Women Are Protected While epsilon 43 and epsilon 44 Men Are Susceptible to Ischemic Heart Disease

RESULTS Test of interaction suggested that APOE genotype may influence risk of IHD differently in women and men (p 5 0.07). After age adjustment, the odds ratio (OR) for IHD for epsilon32 versus epsilon33 women was 0.57 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35 to 0.94) while epsilon43 and epsilon44 versus epsilon33 men had ORs of 1.16 (0.96 to 1.41) and 1.58 (1.01 to 2.45). After adjustment for age and other conventional cardiovascular risk factors, the equivalent ORs were for epsilon32 women 0.38 (0.18 to 0.79), for epsilon43 men 1.35 (1.02–1.78) and for epsilon44 men 1.58 (0.80 to 3.08). Equivalent ORs for epsilon43 and epsilon44 versus epsilon33 women and for epsilon32 versus epsilon33 men were all close to 1.0 and nonsignificant. Of the total risk of IHD relative to the epsilon33 genotype, the fraction attributed to epsilon32 in women was 29%, while the fractions attributed to epsilon43 and epsilon44 in men were 18% and 12%.

[1]  Yasmine Aguib,et al.  The Copenhagen City Heart Study (Østerbroundersøgelsen) , 2015, Global cardiology science & practice.

[2]  P. Schnohr,et al.  Association of mutations in the apolipoprotein B gene with hypercholesterolemia and the risk of ischemic heart disease. , 1998, The New England journal of medicine.

[3]  G. Jensen,et al.  Heterozygous lipoprotein lipase deficiency: frequency in the general population, effect on plasma lipid levels, and risk of ischemic heart disease. , 1997, Circulation.

[4]  S. Humphries,et al.  A common mutation (G-455--> A) in the beta-fibrinogen promoter is an independent predictor of plasma fibrinogen, but not of ischemic heart disease. A study of 9,127 individuals based on the Copenhagen City Heart Study. , 1997, Journal of Clinical Investigation.

[5]  T. Sørensen,et al.  ACE gene polymorphism: ischemic heart disease and longevity in 10,150 individuals. A case-referent and retrospective cohort study based on the Copenhagen City Heart Study. , 1997, Circulation.

[6]  P. Schnohr,et al.  A common substitution (Asn291Ser) in lipoprotein lipase is associated with increased risk of ischemic heart disease. , 1997, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[7]  L. Tavazzi,et al.  Management of stable angina pectoris. Recommendations of the Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology. , 1997, European heart journal.

[8]  P. Wilson,et al.  Apolipoprotein E alleles and risk of coronary disease. A meta-analysis. , 1996, Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology.

[9]  J. Stengård,et al.  Genotypes with the apolipoprotein ε4 allele are predictors of coronary heart disease mortality in a longitudinal study of elderly Finnish men , 1996, Human Genetics.

[10]  P. de Knijff,et al.  Apolipoprotein E as a risk factor for coronary heart disease: a genetic and molecular biology approach , 1996, Current opinion in lipidology.

[11]  J. Hokanson,et al.  Plasma Triglyceride Level is a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease Independent of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level: A Metaanalysis of Population-Based Prospective Studies , 1996, Journal of cardiovascular risk.

[12]  C. Sing,et al.  The gender-specific apolipoprotein E genotype influence on the distribution of plasma lipids and apolipoproteins in the population of Rochester, MN. III. Correlations and covariances. , 1994, American journal of human genetics.

[13]  P. de Knijff,et al.  ApoE polymorphism and predisposition to coronary heart disease in youths of different European populations. The EARS Study. European Atherosclerosis Research Study. , 1994, Arteriosclerosis and thrombosis : a journal of vascular biology.

[14]  D. Arveiler,et al.  Impact of apolipoprotein E polymorphism on lipoproteins and risk of myocardial infarction. The ECTIM Study. , 1994, Arteriosclerosis and thrombosis : a journal of vascular biology.

[15]  B. Nordestgaard,et al.  Atherosclerosis and arterial influx of lipoproteins. , 1994, Current opinion in lipidology.

[16]  C. Sing,et al.  The gender-specific apolipoprotein E genotype influence on the distribution of plasma lipids and apolipoproteins in the population of Rochester, Minnesota. II. Regression relationships with concomitants. , 1992, American journal of human genetics.

[17]  C. Sing,et al.  The gender-specific apolipoprotein E genotype influence on the distribution of lipids and apolipoproteins in the population of Rochester, MN. I. Pleiotropic effects on means and variances. , 1991, American journal of human genetics.

[18]  D. Hosmer,et al.  Applied Logistic Regression , 1991 .

[19]  C. Sing,et al.  Effects of polymorphisms in apolipoproteins E, A-IV, and H on quantitative traits related to risk for cardiovascular disease. , 1991, Arteriosclerosis and thrombosis : a journal of vascular biology.

[20]  C. Sing,et al.  Influences of common variants of apolipoprotein E on measures of lipid metabolism in a sample selected for health. , 1991, Arteriosclerosis and thrombosis : a journal of vascular biology.

[21]  D. T. Vernier,et al.  Restriction isotyping of human apolipoprotein E by gene amplification and cleavage with HhaI. , 1990, Journal of lipid research.

[22]  G. Bruns,et al.  Isolation, characterization, and mapping to chromosome 19 of the human apolipoprotein E gene. , 1985, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[23]  J. Taylor,et al.  Nucleotide sequence and structure of the human apolipoprotein E gene. , 1985, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[24]  C. Sing,et al.  Role of the apolipoprotein E polymorphism in determining normal plasma lipid and lipoprotein variation. , 1985, American journal of human genetics.

[25]  G. Utermann,et al.  Polymorphism of apolipoprotein E , 1979, Clinical genetics.

[26]  G. Utermann,et al.  Polymorphism of apolipoprotein E , 1979, Clinical genetics.

[27]  G. Utermann,et al.  Polymorphism of apolipoprotein E , 1978, Clinical genetics.

[28]  A. Tybjaerg-hansen,et al.  A prospective cardiovascular population study used in genetic epidemiology. The Copenhagen City Heart Study. , 1996, Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. Supplementum.

[29]  The Copenhagen City Heart Study. Osterbroundersøgelsen. A book of tables with data from the first examination (1976-78) and a five year follow-up (1981-83). The Copenhagen City Heart Study Group. , 1989, Scandinavian journal of social medicine. Supplementum.

[30]  C. Sing,et al.  Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and atherosclerosis. , 1988, Arteriosclerosis.