Neurovestibular symptoms following space flight.

Neurovestibular symptoms experienced by astronauts in the post-flight period were examined using data from medical debriefs contained in the NASA Longitudinal Study of Astronaut Health database. Ten symptoms were identified (clumsiness, difficulty concentrating, persisting sensation aftereffects, nausea, vomiting, vertigo while walking, vertigo while standing, difficulty walking a straight line, blurred vision, and dry heaves), of which eight were crossed with twelve demographic parameters (mission duration, astronaut gender, age, one-g piloting experience, previous space flight experience, g-suit inflation, g-suit deflation, in-flight space motion sickness, in-flight exercise, post-flight exercise, mission role, fluid loading). Three symptoms were experienced by a majority of subjects, and another two by more than a quarter of the subjects. Intensity of the symptoms was mild, suggesting that they are unlikely to pose a risk to the crew during landing and the post-flight period. Seven of the symptoms and eight of the parameters under study were found to be significantly associated with each other.

[1]  D G Watt,et al.  Pointing at memorized targets during prolonged microgravity. , 1997, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[2]  J B Charles,et al.  Cardiovascular deconditioning during space flight and the use of saline as a countermeasure to orthostatic intolerance. , 1985, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[3]  L. R. Young,et al.  M.I.T./Canadian vestibular experiments on the Spacelab-1 mission: 5. Postural responses following exposure to weightlessness , 2004, Experimental Brain Research.

[4]  J R Lackner,et al.  Etiological factors in space motion sickness. , 1983, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[5]  G M Jones,et al.  Vestibular Inaptitude in the Environments of Flight and Space , 1966, The Journal of Laryngology & Otology.

[6]  L R Young Vestibular reactions to spaceflight: human factors issues. , 2000, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[7]  K. E. Money,et al.  M.I.T./Canadian vestibular experiments on the Spacelab-1 mission: 3. Effects of prolonged weightlessness on a human otolith-spinal reflex , 1983, Experimental Brain Research.

[8]  I Kozlovskaya,et al.  Vestibular adaptation to space in monkeys , 1998, Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.

[9]  P C Johnson Fluid volumes changes induced by spaceflight. , 1979, Acta astronautica.

[10]  A. J. Benson,et al.  European vestibular experiments on the Spacelab-1 mission: 6. Yaw axis vestibulo-ocular reflex , 2004, Experimental Brain Research.

[11]  I B Kozlovskaya,et al.  Changes in monkey horizontal semicircular canal afferent responses after spaceflight. , 1992, Journal of applied physiology.

[12]  M Bergstedt Vestibular problems in space travel. , 1966, Acta oto-laryngologica.

[13]  M F Reschke,et al.  Recovery of Postural Equilibrium Control following Spaceflight a , 1992, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[14]  A Berthoz,et al.  Yaw and pitch visual-vestibular interaction in weightlessness. , 1999, Journal of vestibular research : equilibrium & orientation.

[15]  Stefan Glasauer,et al.  Perception of spatial orientation in microgravity , 1998, Brain Research Reviews.

[16]  M F Reschke,et al.  Vestibular plasticity following orbital spaceflight: recovery from postflight postural instability. , 1995, Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplementum.

[17]  R. J. von Baumgarten,et al.  General remarks on the role of the vestibular system in weightlessness , 2004, Archives of oto-rhino-laryngology.

[18]  W. Bruzek,et al.  European vestibular experiments on the Spacelab-1 mission: 5. Contribution of the otoliths to the vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex , 2004, Experimental Brain Research.

[19]  L R Young,et al.  Spatial orientation and posture during and following weightlessness: human experiments on Spacelab Life Sciences 1. , 1993, Journal of vestibular research : equilibrium & orientation.

[20]  M F Reschke,et al.  Postural equilibrium following exposure to weightless space flight. , 1977, Acta oto-laryngologica.

[21]  W J Oosterveld,et al.  The vestibular system in weightlessness. , 1987, Archives of oto-rhino-laryngology.

[22]  W H Paloski,et al.  Vestibulospinal Adaptation to Microgravity , 1998, Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.

[23]  R S Kennedy,et al.  Postural and performance changes following exposures to flight simulators. , 1993, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[24]  Kozlovskaya Ib,et al.  Characteristics of vestibular reactions to canal and otolith stimulation at an early stage of exposure to microgravity. , 1987 .

[25]  R. J. von Baumgarten,et al.  European vestibular experiments on the Spacelab-1 mission: 1. Overview , 2004, Experimental Brain Research.

[26]  D. Mirkin Space Physiology and Medicine , 1990 .

[27]  L. R. Young,et al.  M.I.T./Canadian vestibular experiments on the Spacelab-1 mission: 6. Vestibular reactions to lateral acceleration following ten days of weightlessness , 1983, Experimental Brain Research.

[28]  William H Paloski,et al.  Posture, locomotion, spatial orientation, and motion sickness as a function of space flight , 1998, Brain Research Reviews.

[29]  Portugalov Vv Mechanisms of development of morphological changes in mammals aboard biological satellites. , 1978 .

[30]  B. Yates,et al.  Post-spaceflight orthostatic intolerance: possible relationship to microgravity-induced plasticity in the vestibular system , 1998, Brain Research Reviews.

[31]  H Ross,et al.  Mass discrimination during prolonged weightlessness. , 1984, Science.

[32]  J J Bloomberg,et al.  Locomotor head-trunk coordination strategies following space flight. , 1997, Journal of Vestibular Research-Equilibrium & Orientation.

[33]  C. A. Berry,et al.  Vestibular experiments in Gemini flights V and VII. , 1967, Aerospace medicine.

[34]  C D Fermin,et al.  Microgravity in the STS-29 space shuttle discovery affected the vestibular system of chick embryos. , 1996, Histology and histopathology.

[35]  L R Young,et al.  Spatial orientation in weightlessness and readaptation to earth's gravity. , 1984, Science.

[36]  A H Rupert,et al.  Spatial disorientation and dysfunction of orientation/equilibrium reflexes: aeromedical evaluation and considerations. , 1992, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[37]  A. J. Benson Effect of spaceflight on thresholds of perception of angular and linear motion , 2004, Archives of oto-rhino-laryngology.