Challenges and Trends: Challenges of Organizing International Research & Development.- Extent of R&D Internationalization.- Foreign R&D in China.- Internal Drivers.- External Drivers.- Establishing Overlaying Structures.- Organizing Virtual R&D Teams.- Emerging Patterns: The Market as a Challenge for R&D.- Technology Listening Posts.- Managing the International R-to-D Interface.- Transnational R&D Processes.- Information & Communication Technologies.- Directors of International R&D Labs.- Managing Knowledge and Human Resources.- Best-in-Class: The Pharmaceutical and Chemical Industry: DuPont: Gaining the Benefits of Global Networks - from the Science Base to the Market Place.- Hoffmann-La Roche: Global Differentiation between Research and Development.- Schering: Synchronized Drug Development.- Ciba: International Research Laboratories in Japan: Practical Validation of a Strategic Concept.- Kao: Localizing R&D Resources.- Best-in-Class: The Electronics, Software, and Service Industry: Xerox: The Global Market and Technology Innovator.- Canon: R&D - Driver for Continuous Growth and Diversification.- Hewlett-Packard: Planet-Wide Patterns in the Company's Technology Tapestry.- IBM: Using Global Networks for Virtual Development.- SAP: Global Intellectual Property Management in the Software Industry Sector.- Unisys: Localization of Software Development.- Huawei: Globalizing through Innovation.- Fujitsu: Solutions for the Ubiquitous Networking World.- Swiss Re: Global Intellectual Property Management in the Financial Services Industry.- Best-in-Class: The Electrical and Machinery Industry: ABB: Management of Technology: Think Global, Act Local.- Daimler: Global Knowledge Sourcing and Research.- Schindler: Institutionalizing Technology Management and R&D Core Competencies.- Hitachi: Management Practices for Innovation in Global Industrial Research.- Leica Microscopy: International Transfer of R&D Activities.- MTU: Partner in International High-Tech-Cooperations.- BMWW Group: Strategic Framework for Global Innovation to Enhance the Efficiency of Global R&D.- Siemens: Flying with the Dragon - Innovation in China.- Implications for Organizing Global R&D: Implications for Organizing Global R&D.