Reliable, robust and realistic: the three R's of next-generation land-surface modelling
暂无分享,去创建一个
[1] Atul K. Jain,et al. Using ecosystem experiments to improve vegetation models , 2015 .
[2] T. W. Davis,et al. Biophsyical constraints on gross primary production by the terrestrial biosphere , 2014 .
[3] R. Dickinson,et al. Impact of mesophyll diffusion on estimated global land CO2 fertilization , 2014, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
[4] I. Wing,et al. Net carbon uptake has increased through warming-induced changes in temperate forest phenology , 2014 .
[5] Michael Obersteiner,et al. Nutrient availability as the key regulator of global forest carbon balance , 2014 .
[6] S. Price,et al. Feedbacks between coupled subglacial hydrology and glacier dynamics , 2014 .
[7] Atul K. Jain,et al. Evaluation of 11 terrestrial carbon–nitrogen cycle models against observations from two temperate Free-Air CO2 Enrichment studies , 2014, The New phytologist.
[8] I. C. Prentice,et al. Balancing the costs of carbon gain and water transport: testing a new theoretical framework for plant functional ecology. , 2014, Ecology letters.
[9] Corinne Le Quéré,et al. Carbon and Other Biogeochemical Cycles , 2014 .
[10] Hans Joachim Schellnhuber,et al. The elephant, the blind, and the intersectoral intercomparison of climate impacts , 2013, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
[11] J. G. Levine,et al. Evaluation of biospheric components in Earth system models using modern and palaeo observations: the state-of-the-art , 2013 .
[12] I. C. Prentice,et al. How should we model plant responses to drought? An analysis of stomatal and non-stomatal responses to water stress , 2013 .
[13] J. Randerson,et al. Causes and implications of persistent atmospheric carbon dioxide biases in Earth System Models , 2013 .
[14] R. Giering,et al. The BETHY/JSBACH Carbon Cycle Data Assimilation System: experiences and challenges , 2013 .
[15] H. McCarthy,et al. VIC+ for water‐limited conditions: A study of biological and hydrological processes and their interactions in soil‐plant‐atmosphere continuum , 2013 .
[16] Markus Reichstein,et al. Benchmark products for land evapotranspiration: LandFlux-EVAL multi-data set synthesis , 2013 .
[17] S. Caldararu,et al. Phenology as a strategy for carbon optimality: a global model , 2013 .
[18] P. Cox,et al. Evaluating the Land and Ocean Components of the Global Carbon Cycle in the CMIP5 Earth System Models , 2013 .
[19] R. Koster,et al. Comparing the Degree of Land-Atmosphere Interaction in Four Atmospheric General Circulation Models , 2013 .
[20] G. Farquhar,et al. Photosynthetically relevant foliar traits correlating better on a mass vs an area basis: of ecophysiological relevance or just a case of mathematical imperatives and statistical quicksand? , 2013, The New phytologist.
[21] Jianyang Xia,et al. Traceable components of terrestrial carbon storage capacity in biogeochemical models , 2013, Global change biology.
[22] M. Lomas,et al. Evaluation of terrestrial carbon cycle models for their response to climate variability and to CO2 trends , 2013, Global change biology.
[23] Peter E. Thornton,et al. Greenhouse Gas Policy Influences Climate via Direct Effects of Land-Use Change , 2013 .
[24] I. Moroz,et al. Stochastic parametrizations and model uncertainty in the Lorenz ’96 system , 2013, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.
[25] I. Prentice,et al. The use of dynamic global vegetation models for simulating hydrology and the potential integration of satellite observations , 2013 .
[26] I. Prentice,et al. Dynamic Global Vegetation Models , 2013 .
[27] Robert Jacob,et al. Modeling agriculture in the Community Land Model , 2012 .
[28] K.,et al. Carbon–Concentration and Carbon–Climate Feedbacks in CMIP5 Earth System Models , 2012 .
[29] Jasper A. Vrugt,et al. Hydrologic data assimilation using particle Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation: Theory, concepts and applications (online first) , 2012 .
[30] Marc Simard,et al. A comprehensive benchmarking system for evaluating global vegetation models , 2012 .
[31] J. Randerson,et al. Causes of variation in soil carbon simulations from CMIP5 Earth system models and comparison with observations , 2012 .
[32] P. Reich,et al. Correlations among leaf traits provide a significant constraint on the estimate of global gross primary production , 2012 .
[33] Philippe Ciais,et al. A framework for benchmarking land models , 2012 .
[34] Benjamin Smith,et al. Robustness and uncertainty in terrestrial ecosystem carbon response to CMIP5 climate change projections , 2012 .
[35] Drew W. Purves,et al. The climate dependence of the terrestrial carbon cycle, including parameter and structural uncertainties , 2012 .
[36] Evaluation of a Dynamic Agroecosystem Model (Agro-IBIS) for Soybean in Southern Brazil , 2012 .
[37] M. Scholze,et al. Earth system models: a tool to understand changes in the Earth system , 2012 .
[38] Xu Liang,et al. A new multiscale routing framework and its evaluation for land surface modeling applications , 2012 .
[39] Shilong Piao,et al. Modelling sub-grid wetland in the ORCHIDEE global land surface model: evaluation against river discharges and remotely sensed data , 2012 .
[40] Pierre Martre,et al. The Coordination of Leaf Photosynthesis Links C and N Fluxes in C3 Plant Species , 2012, PloS one.
[41] Jan-Philip M. Witte,et al. Going beyond limitations of plant functional types when predicting global ecosystem–atmosphere fluxes: exploring the merits of traits‐based approaches , 2012 .
[42] P. Ciais,et al. Fertile forests produce biomass more efficiently. , 2012, Ecology letters.
[43] Praveen Kumar,et al. Competitive and mutualistic dependencies in multispecies vegetation dynamics enabled by hydraulic redistribution , 2012 .
[44] T. Palmer,et al. Towards the probabilistic Earth‐system simulator: a vision for the future of climate and weather prediction , 2012 .
[45] Qiaoling Li,et al. Development of a biosphere hydrological model considering vegetation dynamics and its evaluation at basin scale under climate change , 2012 .
[46] M. Scholze,et al. Understanding the Earth System: Earth system models , 2012 .
[47] S. Seneviratne,et al. The earth system feedbacks that matter for contemporary climate , 2012 .
[48] Yinghai Ke,et al. Evaluating runoff simulations from the Community Land Model 4.0 using observations from flux towers and a mountainous watershed , 2011 .
[49] Jan Polcher,et al. Acceleration of Land Surface Model Development over a Decade of Glass , 2011 .
[50] Paolo De Angelis,et al. Reconciling the optimal and empirical approaches to modelling stomatal conductance , 2011 .
[51] M. Canty,et al. Hydraulic parameter estimation by remotely-sensed top soil moisture observations with the particle filter , 2011 .
[52] Guiling Wang. Assessing the potential hydrological impacts of hydraulic redistribution in Amazonia using a numerical modeling approach , 2011 .
[53] Philippe Ciais,et al. Update on CO2 emissions , 2010 .
[54] I. Prentice,et al. Future Global Water Resources with respect to Climate Change and Water Withdrawals , 2010 .
[55] Steve Murray,et al. Evaluation of global continental hydrology as simulated by the Land-surface Processes and eXchanges Dynamic Global Vegetation Model , 2010 .
[56] W. Landman. Climate change 2007: the physical science basis , 2010 .
[57] Niko E. C. Verhoest,et al. Satellite-Scale Snow Water Equivalent Assimilation into a High-Resolution Land Surface Model , 2010 .
[58] Lifeng Luo,et al. Contribution of land surface initialization to subseasonal forecast skill: First results from a multi‐model experiment , 2010 .
[59] M. Okamura,et al. A Fluid-Erosion-Based Model of Landscape Evolution , 2010 .
[60] Ian G. Enting,et al. A review of applications of model–data fusion to studies of terrestrial carbon fluxes at different scales , 2009 .
[61] Shunlin Liang,et al. Global atmospheric downward longwave radiation over land surface under all‐sky conditions from 1973 to 2008 , 2009 .
[62] Rachel M. Law,et al. A global model of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycles for the terrestrial biosphere , 2009 .
[63] Peter E. Thornton,et al. Systematic assessment of terrestrial biogeochemistry in coupled climate–carbon models , 2009 .
[64] S. Higgins,et al. Impacts of climate change on the vegetation of Africa: an adaptive dynamic vegetation modelling approach , 2009 .
[65] Ronggao Liu,et al. Simultaneous estimation of both soil moisture and model parameters using particle filtering method through the assimilation of microwave signal , 2009 .
[66] C. Müller,et al. Uncertainties in climate responses to past land cover change: First results from the LUCID intercomparison study , 2009 .
[67] Lifeng Luo,et al. A Multiscale Ensemble Filtering System for Hydrologic Data Assimilation. Part I: Implementation and Synthetic Experiment , 2009 .
[68] Maoyi Huang,et al. A Generalized Subsurface Flow Parameterization Considering Subgrid Spatial Variability of Recharge and Topography , 2008 .
[69] P. Bartlein,et al. Simulating the climatic effects on vegetation: approaches, issues and challenges , 2008 .
[70] W. Lucht,et al. Agricultural green and blue water consumption and its influence on the global water system , 2008 .
[71] Andrei P. Sokolov,et al. Consequences of Considering Carbon–Nitrogen Interactions on the Feedbacks between Climate and the Terrestrial Carbon Cycle , 2008 .
[72] Xu Liang,et al. Impacts of spatial resolutions and data quality on soil moisture data assimilation , 2008 .
[73] Peter E. Thornton,et al. Influence of carbon‐nitrogen cycle coupling on land model response to CO2 fertilization and climate variability , 2007 .
[74] D. Turcotte. Self-organized complexity in geomorphology : Observations and models , 2007 .
[75] Praveen Kumar,et al. A model for hydraulic redistribution incorporating coupled soil-root moisture transport , 2007 .
[76] R. Dickinson,et al. Couplings between changes in the climate system and biogeochemistry , 2007 .
[77] Axel Kleidon,et al. Optimized stomatal conductance and the climate sensitivity to carbon dioxide , 2007 .
[78] Guiling Wang,et al. Toward a Robust Canopy Hydrology Scheme with Precipitation Subgrid Variability , 2007 .
[79] Ying Fan,et al. Incorporating water table dynamics in climate modeling: 1. Water table observations and equilibrium water table simulations , 2007 .
[80] Zong-Liang Yang,et al. Development of a simple groundwater model for use in climate models and evaluation with Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment data , 2007 .
[81] Stephen Sitch,et al. Dynamic global vegetation modelling: quantifying terrestrial ecosystem responses to large-scale environmental change , 2007 .
[82] Naota Hanasaki,et al. GSWP-2 Multimodel Analysis and Implications for Our Perception of the Land Surface , 2006 .
[83] T. McMahon,et al. The impact of land use change on catchment hydrology in large catchments: The Comet River, Central Queensland, Australia , 2006 .
[84] E. Wood,et al. Data Assimilation for Estimating the Terrestrial Water Budget Using a Constrained Ensemble Kalman Filter , 2006 .
[85] B. Enquist,et al. Rebuilding community ecology from functional traits. , 2006, Trends in ecology & evolution.
[86] R. Schnur,et al. Climate-carbon cycle feedback analysis: Results from the C , 2006 .
[87] I. Fung,et al. Root functioning modifies seasonal climate. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.
[88] Gabriel Abramowitz,et al. Towards a benchmark for land surface models , 2005 .
[89] Elfatih A. B. Eltahir,et al. Representation of Water Table Dynamics in a Land Surface Scheme. Part I: Model Development , 2005 .
[90] R. Giering,et al. Two decades of terrestrial carbon fluxes from a carbon cycle data assimilation system (CCDAS) , 2005 .
[91] Kuolin Hsu,et al. Uncertainty assessment of hydrologic model states and parameters: Sequential data assimilation using the particle filter , 2005 .
[92] Shaun Quegan,et al. Model–data synthesis in terrestrial carbon observation: methods, data requirements and data uncertainty specifications , 2005 .
[93] Guiling Wang,et al. Modeling seasonal vegetation variation and its validation against Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) observations over North America , 2005 .
[94] Soroosh Sorooshian,et al. Dual state-parameter estimation of hydrological models using ensemble Kalman filter , 2005 .
[95] S. Long,et al. What have we learned from 15 years of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE)? A meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties and plant production to rising CO2. , 2004, The New phytologist.
[96] M. R. R A U Pa C H,et al. Model – data synthesis in terrestrial carbon observation : methods , data requirements and data uncertainty specifications , 2005 .
[97] Xu Liang,et al. Optimal multiscale Kalman filter for assimilation of near-surface soil moisture into land surface models , 2004 .
[98] Xu Liang,et al. A new multiscale flow network generation scheme for land surface models , 2004 .
[99] Gordon B. Bonan,et al. Simulating Springtime Temperature Patterns in the Community Atmosphere Model Coupled to the Community Land Model Using Prognostic Leaf Area , 2004 .
[100] Xu Liang,et al. Assessment of the effects of spatial resolutions on daily water flux simulations , 2004 .
[101] D. Lawrence,et al. Regions of Strong Coupling Between Soil Moisture and Precipitation , 2004, Science.
[102] Reed M. Maxwell,et al. On the Development of a Coupled Land Surface and Groundwater Model , 2004 .
[103] Sean C. Thomas,et al. The worldwide leaf economics spectrum , 2004, Nature.
[104] Peter M. Cox,et al. The Sensitivity of Global Climate Model Simulations to the Representation of Soil Moisture Heterogeneity , 2003 .
[105] Dennis P. Lettenmaier,et al. Simulation of spatial variability in snow and frozen soil , 2003 .
[106] P. de Rosnay,et al. Integrated parameterization of irrigation in the land surface model ORCHIDEE. Validation over Indian Peninsula , 2003 .
[107] Zhenghui Xie,et al. A new parameterization for surface and groundwater interactions and its impact on water budgets with the variable infiltration capacity (VIC) land surface model , 2003 .
[108] Xu Liang,et al. Intercomparison of land-surface parameterization schemes: sensitivity of surface energy and water fluxes to model parameters , 2003 .
[109] R. Dickinson,et al. The Common Land Model , 2003 .
[110] Ray Leuning,et al. A coupled model of stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and transpiration , 2003 .
[111] D. Mocko,et al. Simulation of high-latitude hydrological processes in the Torne-Kalix basin: PILPS phase 2(e) - 1: Experiment description and summary intercomparisons , 2003 .
[112] D. Mocko,et al. Simulation of high latitude hydrological processes in the Torne-Kalix basin : PILPS phase 2(e) - 2: Comparison of model results with observations , 2003 .
[113] R. Koster,et al. Simulation of high-latitude hydrological processes in the Torne-Kalix basin: PILPS Phase 2(e) 3: Equivalent model representation and sensitivity experiments , 2003 .
[114] A. Pitman. The evolution of, and revolution in, land surface schemes designed for climate models , 2003 .
[115] W. Crow,et al. The assimilation of remotely sensed soil brightness temperature imagery into a land surface model using Ensemble Kalman filtering: a case study based on ESTAR measurements during SGP97 , 2003 .
[116] John D. Albertson,et al. Multi-scale assimilation of surface soil moisture data for robust root zone moisture predictions , 2003 .
[117] P. Reich,et al. Least‐Cost Input Mixtures of Water and Nitrogen for Photosynthesis , 2002, The American Naturalist.
[118] Jeffrey P. Walker,et al. Extended versus Ensemble Kalman Filtering for Land Data Assimilation , 2002 .
[119] Mark Person,et al. A Coupled Land-Atmosphere Simulation Program (CLASP): Calibration and validation , 2002 .
[120] Dennis McLaughlin,et al. An integrated approach to hydrologic data assimilation: interpolation, smoothing, and filtering , 2002 .
[121] P. Milly,et al. Global Modeling of Land Water and Energy Balances. Part I: The Land Dynamics (LaD) Model , 2002 .
[122] V. Arora. MODELING VEGETATION AS A DYNAMIC COMPONENT IN SOIL‐VEGETATION‐ATMOSPHERE TRANSFER SCHEMES AND HYDROLOGICAL MODELS , 2002 .
[123] Thomas C. Winter,et al. Putting aquifers into atmospheric simulation models: an example from the Mill Creek Watershed, northeastern Kansas , 2002 .
[124] D. McLaughlin,et al. Hydrologic Data Assimilation with the Ensemble Kalman Filter , 2002 .
[125] D. Entekhabi,et al. Land data assimilation and estimation of soil moisture using measurements from the Southern Great Plains 1997 Field Experiment , 2001 .
[126] Randal D. Koster,et al. Soil Moisture Memory in Climate Models , 2001 .
[127] Zhenghui Xie,et al. A new surface runoff parameterization with subgrid-scale soil heterogeneity for land surface models , 2001 .
[128] Paul R. Houser,et al. A methodology for initializing soil moisture in a global climate model: Assimilation of near‐surface soil moisture observations , 2001 .
[129] Bart Nijssen,et al. Global Retrospective Estimation of Soil Moisture Using the Variable Infiltration Capacity Land Surface Model, 1980–93 , 2001 .
[130] Thomas C. Winter,et al. THE CONCEPT OF HYDROLOGIC LANDSCAPES 1 , 2001 .
[131] W. Parton,et al. Implementation of a Two-Way Interactive Atmospheric and Ecological Model and Its Application to the Central United States , 2001 .
[132] Jan Polcher,et al. Uncertainties linked to land-surface processes in climate change simulations , 2000 .
[133] Praveen Kumar,et al. A catchment‐based approach to modeling land surface processes in a general circulation model: 1. Model structure , 2000 .
[134] Praveen Kumar,et al. A multiple scale state-space model for characterizing subgrid scale variability of near-surface soil moisture , 1999, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens..
[135] H.-T. Mengelkamp,et al. SEWAB – a parameterization of the Surface Energy and Water Balance for atmospheric and hydrologic models , 1999 .
[136] A. J. Dolman,et al. The Pilot Phase of the Global Soil Wetness Project , 1999 .
[137] Dong-Jun Seo,et al. Scale dependencies of hydrologic models to spatial variability of precipitation , 1999 .
[138] D. Vidal-Madjar,et al. The ISBA surface scheme in a macroscale hydrological model applied to the Hapex-Mobilhy area Part I: Model and database , 1999 .
[139] Praveen Kumar,et al. A catchment-based land surface model for GCMS and the framework for its evaluation , 1999 .
[140] Richard Harding,et al. A canopy conductance and photosynthesis model for use in a GCM land surface scheme , 1998 .
[141] W. J. Shuttleworth,et al. Integration of soil moisture remote sensing and hydrologic modeling using data assimilation , 1998 .
[142] A. Pitman,et al. The BASE land surface model , 1998 .
[143] Bart Nijssen,et al. Eegional scale hydrology: I. Formulation of the VIC-2L model coupled to a routing model , 1998 .
[144] R. Dickinson,et al. The Project for Intercomparison of Land-surface Parameterization Schemes PILPS phase 2 c Red–Arkansas River basin experiment: 3. Spatial and temporal analysis of water fluxes , 1998 .
[145] R. Dickinson,et al. The Project for Intercomparison of Land-surface Parameterization Schemes PILPS Phase 2 c Red–Arkansas River basin experiment: 1. Experiment description and summary intercomparisons , 1998 .
[146] Eric F. Wood,et al. A soil‐vegetation‐atmosphere transfer scheme for modeling spatially variable water and energy balance processes , 1997 .
[147] H. Mooney,et al. Modeling the Exchanges of Energy, Water, and Carbon Between Continents and the Atmosphere , 1997, Science.
[148] I. C. Prentice,et al. BIOME3: An equilibrium terrestrial biosphere model based on ecophysiological constraints, resource availability, and competition among plant functional types , 1996 .
[149] I. C. Prentice,et al. An integrated biosphere model of land surface processes , 1996 .
[150] K. McGuffie,et al. The Project for Intercomparison of Land-surface Parametrization Schemes (PILPS): 1992 to 1995 , 1996 .
[151] Eric F. Wood,et al. One-dimensional statistical dynamic representation of subgrid spatial variability of precipitation in the two-layer variable infiltration capacity model , 1996 .
[152] R. Dewar. The Correlation between Plant Growth and Intercepted Radiation: An Interpretation in Terms of Optimal Plant Nitrogen Content , 1996 .
[153] D. Lettenmaier,et al. Surface soil moisture parameterization of the VIC-2L model: Evaluation and modification , 1996 .
[154] A. Henderson‐sellers,et al. Validation of soil moisture simulation in landsurface parameterisation schemes with HAPEX data , 1996 .
[155] D. Randall,et al. A Revised Land Surface Parameterization (SiB2) for Atmospheric GCMS. Part I: Model Formulation , 1996 .
[156] K. Mitchell,et al. Simple water balance model for estimating runoff at different spatial and temporal scales , 1996 .
[157] Y. Xue,et al. Modeling of land surface evaporation by four schemes and comparison with FIFE observations , 1996 .
[158] Roderick C. Dewar,et al. Analytical model of stemwood growth in relation to nitrogen supply. , 1996, Tree physiology.
[159] Pedro Viterbo,et al. An Improved Land Surface Parameterization Scheme in the ECMWF Model and Its Validation. , 1995 .
[160] A. Boone,et al. A Parameterization for Land–Atmosphere-Cloud Exchange (PLACE): Documentation and Testing of a Detailed Process Model of the Partly Cloudy Boundary Layer over Heterogeneous Land , 1995 .
[161] Paul W. Fieguth,et al. Multiresolution optimal interpolation and statistical analysis of TOPEX/POSEIDON satellite altimetry , 1995, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.
[162] Gordon B. Bonan,et al. Land-atmosphere CO2 exchange simulated by a land surface process model coupled to an atmospheric general circulation model , 1995 .
[163] Alan S. Willsky,et al. Multiscale smoothing error models , 1995, IEEE Trans. Autom. Control..
[164] J. Famiglietti,et al. Multiscale modeling of spatially variable water and energy balance processes , 1994 .
[165] D. Lettenmaier,et al. A simple hydrologically based model of land surface water and energy fluxes for general circulation models , 1994 .
[166] K. C. Chou,et al. Multiscale systems, Kalman filters, and Riccati equations , 1994, IEEE Trans. Autom. Control..
[167] K. C. Chou,et al. Multiscale recursive estimation, data fusion, and regularization , 1994, IEEE Trans. Autom. Control..
[168] R. Dickinson,et al. The Project for Intercomparison of Land Surface Parameterization Schemes (PILPS): Phases 2 and 3 , 1993 .
[169] A. Perrier,et al. SECHIBA : a new set of parameterizations of the hydrologic exchanges at the land-atmosphere interface within the LMD atmospheric general circulation model , 1993 .
[170] Ann Henderson-Sellers,et al. Biosphere-atmosphere transfer scheme(BATS) version 1e as coupled to the NCAR community climate model , 1993 .
[171] S. Sorooshian,et al. Effective and efficient global optimization for conceptual rainfall‐runoff models , 1992 .
[172] R. Koster,et al. Modeling the land surface boundary in climate models as a composite of independent vegetation stands , 1992 .
[173] G. Collatz,et al. Coupled Photosynthesis-Stomatal Conductance Model for Leaves of C4 Plants , 1992 .
[174] D. Verseghy,et al. CLASS-A Canadian Land Surface Scheme for GCMs , 1993 .
[175] M. Hutchinson,et al. A Rationale, Structure and Research Strategy for a Global Hydrological Model , 1991 .
[176] G. Collatz,et al. Physiological and environmental regulation of stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and transpiration: a model that includes a laminar boundary layer , 1991 .
[177] Piers J. Sellers,et al. A Simplified Biosphere Model for Global Climate Studies , 1991 .
[178] A. Henderson-Sellers,et al. Sensitivity of regional climates to localized precipitation in global models , 1990, Nature.
[179] S. Planton,et al. A Simple Parameterization of Land Surface Processes for Meteorological Models , 1989 .
[180] W. Shuttleworth,et al. Macrohydrology ― the new challenge for process hydrology , 1988 .
[181] Peter S. Eagleson,et al. The Emergence of Global‐Scale Hydrology , 1986 .
[182] A. Dalcher,et al. A Simple Biosphere Model (SIB) for Use within General Circulation Models , 1986 .
[183] Ann Henderson-Sellers,et al. Biosphere-atmosphere Transfer Scheme (BATS) for the NCAR Community Climate Model , 1986 .
[184] J. Deardorff. Efficient prediction of ground surface temperature and moisture, with inclusion of a layer of vegetation , 1978 .
[185] S. Manabe. CLIMATE AND THE OCEAN CIRCULATION1 , 1969 .
[186] I. R. Cowan. Transport of Water in the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere System , 1965 .