Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) and Cognitive Processing

The neural activity patterns underlying perceptual and cognitive processes may be studied noninvasively in humans by recording the brain's event-related potentials (ERPs) using scalp electrodes. ERPs are field potentials generated by the synchronous activity of the participating neural networks and provide a spatiotemporal picture of critical information processing operations in the brain. Specific patterns of ERPs accompany a variety of perceptual and cognitive processes, including selective attention, stimulus discrimination and classification, memory storage and retrieval, and linguistic operations. Although their spatial location is imprecise, ERP studies have contributed greatly to understanding the neural bases and functional properties of normal and disordered human cognition.

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