Elbow dislocation. Review of current concepts

A simple elbow dislocation represents between 51% and 74% of all elbow dislocations. It is the second joint in dislocation frequency after the shoulder. Elbow dislocations are classified as simple (without a fracture) or complex (with a fracture); direction of cubitus displacement and radius in relation to the humerus is also important. Usually, the injury mechanism indi-cates the dislocation type. The radiographic evaluation (gold standard) is done with an anteroposterior and lateral of the elbow joint. Treatment is related to the dislocation classification. In a simple dislocation, the objectives are a concentric, closed, and stable reduction of the joint, to gain a range of movement early. Related complications are neurological or vascular injuries, compartmental syndrome, heterotopic ossification, chronic instability, and osteoarthritis.