Who Are Your “Real” Friends: Analyzing and Distinguishing Between Offline and Online Friendships From Social Multimedia Data

The Internet has extended the physical boundary of people's social circles to manage an inordinate number of online friends. It is recognized that only a fraction of these online friends are also known with each other in offline circumstances, i.e., the offline friends. An important type of offline friend, onsite offline friend, is defined and addressed in this paper. We explores the possibility of utilizing users’ online photo sharing-related behaviors and network topologies to analyze and distinguish between online and onsite offline friendships. Different from traditional social science studies which rely on survey-based data, we employ users’ tagged people on the shared Instagram photos as the ground-truth for onsite offline friends. This enables a large-scale and objective analysis and experimental evaluation, which compares between different factors and identifies the features that are key to onsite offline friend identification.

[1]  Alessandro Perina,et al.  Unveiling the multimedia unconscious: implicit cognitive processes and multimedia content analysis , 2013, ACM Multimedia.

[2]  Changsheng Xu,et al.  Friend transfer: Cold-start friend recommendation with cross-platform transfer learning of social knowledge , 2013, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME).

[3]  Changsheng Xu,et al.  Topic-Sensitive Influencer Mining in Interest-Based Social Media Networks via Hypergraph Learning , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.

[4]  Bing Liu,et al.  Learning with Positive and Unlabeled Examples Using Weighted Logistic Regression , 2003, ICML.

[5]  R. Rosenthal Experimenter effects in behavioral research , 1968 .

[6]  John R. Kender,et al.  Tracking Large-Scale Video Remix in Real-World Events , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.

[7]  Stephanie M. Reich,et al.  Online and Offline Social Networks: Use of Social Networking Sites by Emerging Adults , 2008 .

[8]  Bing Liu,et al.  Web Data Mining: Exploring Hyperlinks, Contents, and Usage Data , 2006, Data-Centric Systems and Applications.

[9]  Yan Bing Zhang,et al.  Social Interactions Across Media , 2004 .

[10]  Gustavo S. Mesch,et al.  The Quality of Online and Offline Relationships: The Role of Multiplexity and Duration of Social Relationships , 2006, Inf. Soc..

[11]  Robin I. M. Dunbar Neocortex size as a constraint on group size in primates , 1992 .

[12]  Nicholas Jing Yuan,et al.  We know how you live: exploring the spectrum of urban lifestyles , 2013, COSN '13.

[13]  Philip S. Yu,et al.  Partially Supervised Classification of Text Documents , 2002, ICML.

[14]  Michael I. Jordan,et al.  Modeling annotated data , 2003, SIGIR.

[15]  Ray Reagans,et al.  Preferences, Identity, and Competition: Predicting Tie Strength from Demographic Data , 2005, Manag. Sci..

[16]  Jiebo Luo,et al.  Towards Understanding the Effectiveness of Election Related Images in Social Media , 2013, 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Data Mining Workshops.

[17]  John C. Paolillo Structure and Network in the YouTube Core , 2008, Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008).

[18]  Hong-Yuan Mark Liao,et al.  Discovering informative social subgraphs and predicting pairwise relationships from group photos , 2012, ACM Multimedia.

[19]  Tao Mei,et al.  Modeling social strength in social media community via kernel-based learning , 2011, ACM Multimedia.

[20]  Barry Wellman,et al.  Net-Surfers Don’t Ride Alone: Virtual Communities as Communities , 2018, Networks in the Global Village.

[21]  Norah E. Dunbar,et al.  Testing the Interactivity Principle: Effects of Mediation, Propinquity, and Verbal and Nonverbal Modalities in Interpersonal Interaction , 2002 .

[22]  Jiebo Luo,et al.  Inferring Home Location from User's Photo Collections based on Visual Content and Mobility Patterns , 2014, GeoMM '14.

[23]  Swapna S. Gokhale,et al.  Social media enabled human sensing for smart cities , 2015, AI Commun..

[24]  Aniket Kittur,et al.  Bridging the gap between physical location and online social networks , 2010, UbiComp.

[25]  Charles Ess,et al.  The Handbook of Internet Studies: Consalvo/The Handbook of Internet Studies , 2011 .

[26]  Zizi Papacharissi,et al.  The virtual geographies of social networks: a comparative analysis of Facebook, LinkedIn and ASmallWorld , 2009, New Media Soc..

[27]  J. Mccroskey,et al.  The measurement of interpersonal attraction , 1974 .

[28]  Jiebo Luo,et al.  A Multifaceted Approach to Social Multimedia-Based Prediction of Elections , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.

[29]  John Dimmick,et al.  The Gratification Niches of Personal E-mail and the Telephone , 2000, Commun. Res..

[30]  Yuanyuan Tian,et al.  Event-based social networks: linking the online and offline social worlds , 2012, KDD.

[31]  Wei-Ta Chu,et al.  RoleNet: Movie Analysis from the Perspective of Social Networks , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.

[32]  Mark J. van der Laan,et al.  Statistics Ready for a Revolution: Next Generation of Statisticians Must Build Tools for Massive Data Sets , 2010 .

[33]  Chih-Jen Lin,et al.  Feature Ranking Using Linear SVM , 2008, WCCI Causation and Prediction Challenge.

[34]  Krishna P. Gummadi,et al.  A measurement-driven analysis of information propagation in the flickr social network , 2009, WWW '09.

[35]  M. Shamim Hossain,et al.  Relational User Attribute Inference in Social Media , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.

[36]  Jiebo Luo,et al.  The wisdom of social multimedia: using flickr for prediction and forecast , 2010, ACM Multimedia.

[37]  P. Valkenburg,et al.  The quality of online, offline, and mixed-mode friendships among users of a social networking site , 2012 .

[38]  Jiebo Luo,et al.  Understanding Kin Relationships in a Photo , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.

[39]  Ting Yu,et al.  Monitoring, recognizing and discovering social networks , 2009, 2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[40]  Noshir S. Contractor,et al.  Is a friend a friend?: investigating the structure of friendship networks in virtual worlds , 2010, CHI Extended Abstracts.

[41]  T. Graepel,et al.  Private traits and attributes are predictable from digital records of human behavior , 2013, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[42]  Jiebo Luo,et al.  Using user generated online photos to estimate and monitor air pollution in major cities , 2015, ICIMCS '15.

[43]  Xing Xie,et al.  Special Section on Social Media as Sensors , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.