Enhancing Participation in Disadvantaged Urban Neighbourhoods

Abstract Participation in neighbourhoods is a highly valued phenomenon. Participation is the basis of a shared social life, but it also makes everyday life, and the lived experience of people participating in it, political. From a public administration perspective, governance and formal policy-making are increasingly reaching out to citizens, instead of drawing solely on representative mechanisms of local government. This paper investigates how practitioners working in disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Dutch cities enhance participation. Using empirical data from research in disadvantaged neighbourhoods in The Netherlands, the paper shows that these practitioners either start projects that connect people in their own life world or connect policy-makers and policy to initiatives on the ground. As a result, they create the opportunity for many to develop their citizenship and become a more active participant in their local communities.

[1]  M. Farrelly Citizen Participation and Neighbourhood Governance: Analysing Democratic Practice , 2009 .

[2]  B. Peters,et al.  Interactive Governance: Advancing the Paradigm , 2012 .

[3]  Barbara Czarniawska Shadowing: And Other Techniques for Doing Fieldwork in Modern Societies , 2007 .

[4]  Best persons en hun betekenis voor de Nederlandse achterstandswijk , 2012 .

[5]  Lawrence Pratchett,et al.  Diagnosing and Remedying the Failings of Official Participation Schemes: The CLEAR Framework , 2006, Social Policy and Society.

[6]  I. Smith,et al.  Disadvantaged by where you live? : neighbourhood governance in contemporary urban policy , 2007 .

[7]  Liisa Häikiö From Innovation to Convention: Legitimate Citizen Participation in Local Governance , 2012 .

[8]  M. V. Hulst,et al.  Exemplary practitioners: A review of actors who make a difference in governing , 2011 .

[9]  Lasse Gerrits,et al.  Managing Complex Governance Systems , 2009 .

[10]  R. Kempen,et al.  Social cohesion, social mix, and urban policies in the Netherlands , 2009 .

[11]  Ank Michels Innovations in democratic governance: how does citizen participation contribute to a better democracy? , 2011 .

[12]  D. Yanow Deliberative Policy Analysis: Accessing local knowledge , 2003 .

[13]  Joop Koppenjan,et al.  Managing Complex Networks: Strategies for the Public Sector , 1997 .

[14]  R. Torenvlied,et al.  Civic Organizations as Political Actors , 2009 .

[15]  P. John,et al.  Can Citizen Governance Redress the Representative Bias of Political Participation , 2009 .

[16]  F. Hendriks,et al.  Everyday Fixers as Local Heroes: A Case Study of Vital Interaction in Urban Governance , 2005 .

[17]  E. Berman,et al.  Municipal Support for Social Entrepreneurship , 2006 .

[18]  B. Flyvbjerg Five Misunderstandings About Case-Study Research , 2006, 1304.1186.

[19]  C. Durose Revisiting Lipsky: Front-Line Work in UK Local Governance , 2011 .

[20]  David Marsh,et al.  Young People and Politics in the UK , 2007 .

[21]  Jon Pierre,et al.  Interactive GovernanceAdvancing the Paradigm , 2012 .

[22]  Bruce E. Cain,et al.  Democracy Transformed?: Expanding Political Opportunities in Advanced Industrial Democracies , 2003 .

[23]  D. Booher Collaborative governance practices and democracy , 2004 .

[24]  H. Steadman Boundary spanners: A key component for the effective interactions of the justice and mental health systems , 1992 .

[25]  Mary L. Ohmer The Relationship Between Citizen Participation and Organizational Processes and Outcomes and the Benefits of Citizen Participation in Neighborhood Organizations , 2008 .

[26]  Henrik Paul Bang,et al.  Among everyday makers and expert citizens , 2005 .

[27]  M. Lombard Citizen participation in urban governance in the context of democratization: Evidence from low-income neighbourhoods in Mexico , 2013 .

[28]  R. Rhodes Understanding governance : policy networks, governance, reflexivity and accountability , 1997 .

[29]  H. Bang ‘Yes we can’: identity politics and project politics for a late-modern world , 2009 .

[30]  C. Skelcher Governing Communities:Parish-Pump Politics or Strategic Partnerships? , 2003 .

[31]  Steven Maynard-Moody,et al.  Cops, Teachers, Counselors: Stories from the Front Lines of Public Service , 2003 .

[32]  H. Bang,et al.  The Everyday Maker: A New Challenge to Democratic Governance , 1999 .

[33]  E. Sørensen,et al.  Network Governance and Post-Liberal Democracy , 2005 .

[34]  Seonaidh McDonald,et al.  Studying actions in context: a qualitative shadowing method for organizational research , 2005 .

[35]  Steven Maynard-Moody,et al.  Social Equities and Inequities in Practice: Street-Level Workers as Agents and Pragmatists , 2012 .

[36]  J. Edelenbos Institutional Implications of Interactive Governance: Insights from Dutch Practice , 2005 .

[37]  A. Wallace,et al.  New Neighbourhoods, New Citizens? Challenging ‘Community’ as a Framework for Social and Moral Regeneration under New Labour in the UK , 2010 .

[38]  Mike Campbell,et al.  NEW DEAL FOR COMMUNITIES; NATIONAL EVALUATION , 2001 .

[39]  C. Pateman Participation and democratic theory , 1970 .

[40]  J. Pierre Debating Governance: Authority, Steering, and Democracy , 2000 .

[41]  B. Barber Strong Democracy: Participatory Politics for a New Age , 1985 .

[42]  B. Peters,et al.  Governance, Politics and the State , 2000 .

[43]  Bas Denters,et al.  Rebuilding Roombeek: Patterns of Citizen Participation in Urban Governance , 2010 .

[44]  R. Couto Empowered Participation: Reinventing Urban Democracy , 2005, Perspectives on Politics.

[45]  Ank Michels,et al.  Examining Citizen Participation: Local Participatory Policy Making and Democracy , 2010 .

[46]  M. V. Hulst,et al.  The work of exemplary practitioners in neighborhood governance , 2012 .

[47]  H. Wagenaar,et al.  Governance, Complexity, and Democratic Participation , 2007 .

[48]  Anja Röcke,et al.  Participatory Budgeting in Europe: Potentials and Challenges , 2008 .

[49]  Barry Goodchild,et al.  Professions, Occupational Roles and Skills in Urban Policy: A Reworking of the Debates in England and France , 2010 .

[50]  G. Blakeley Governing ourselves: citizen participation and governance in Barcelona and Manchester , 2010 .

[51]  S. Arnstein,et al.  Ladder of Citizen Participation , 2020 .

[52]  C. Crouch Why Politics Matters: Making Democracy Work , 2007 .

[53]  Lasse Gerrits,et al.  Managing complex governance systems: dynamics, self-organization and coevolution in public investments , 2009 .

[54]  T. V. D. Wijdeven,et al.  A little less conversation, a little more action : Real-life expressions of vital citizenship in city neighborhoods , 2009 .