On the Foundations of NeuroIS: Reflections on the Gmunden Retreat 2009

This article reflects on the discussions of the fifteen participants (co-authors) of a retreat on the ―Foundations of NeuroIS‖ that took place in Gmunden (Austria) in September 2009. In particular, this article offers initial answers to a set of research questions which are important for the foundations of NeuroIS, an emerging subfield within the IS discipline. The key questions discussed during the retreat that are addressed in this article are: (1) What is NeuroIS, and how does it relate to sister disciplines, such as neuroscience, neuroeconomics, and neuromarketing? (2) Which neuroscience tools are relevant for IS research? (3) What can IS researchers learn from the neuroscience literature, and what do we already know about brain activity? (4) What are possible IS research topics that can be examined with neuroscience tools, and what are some promising research areas for NeuroIS? (5) How can NeuroIS be established as a new subfield in the IS literature, and what are the current challenges for NeuroIS? The article concludes by offering the participants’ outlook on the future of NeuroIS.

[1]  Angelika Dimoka,et al.  On the Use of Neuropyhsiological Tools in IS Research: Developing a Research Agenda for NeuroIS , 2012, MIS Q..

[2]  Angelika Dimoka,et al.  What Does the Brain Tell Us About Trust and Distrust? Evidence from a Functional Neuroimaging Study , 2010, MIS Q..

[3]  René Riedl,et al.  Are There Neural Gender Differences in Online Trust? An fMRI Study on the Perceived Trustworthiness of eBay Offers , 2010, MIS Q..

[4]  Jan Mendling,et al.  Value-oriented process modeling: integrating financial perspectives into business process re-design , 2010, Bus. Process. Manag. J..

[5]  Angelika Dimoka,et al.  NeuroIS: Hype or Hope? , 2009, ICIS.

[6]  Ned Kock,et al.  Information Systems Theorizing Based on Evolutionary Psychology: An Interdisciplinary Review and Theory Integration Framework , 2009, MIS Q..

[7]  J. Payne,et al.  Commentaries and Rejoinder to “Trade-Off Aversion as an Explanation for the Attraction Effect: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study”: Integrating Neural and Decision Sciences: Convergence and Constraints , 2009 .

[8]  Jean Decety,et al.  What Are the Brain Mechanisms on Which Psychological Processes Are Based? , 2009, Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.

[9]  Elliot T. Berkman,et al.  Correlations in Social Neuroscience Aren't Voodoo , 2009 .

[10]  Michael X. Cohen,et al.  Connectivity-based segregation of the human striatum predicts personality characteristics , 2009, Nature Neuroscience.

[11]  Angelika Dimoka,et al.  Neurois: How To Conduct a Neuroimaging Study to Inform Information Systems Research , 2009, AMCIS.

[12]  N. Birbaumer,et al.  Brain–computer interfaces and communication in paralysis: Extinction of goal directed thinking in completely paralysed patients? , 2008, Clinical Neurophysiology.

[13]  Julien Doyon,et al.  Functional neuroanatomical networks associated with expertise in motor imagery , 2008, NeuroImage.

[14]  Angelika Dimoka,et al.  THE POTENTIAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE FOR INFORMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH , 2008 .

[15]  Fred D. Davis,et al.  NeuroIS: The Potential of Cognitive Neuroscience for Information Systems Research , 2008, ICIS.

[16]  Hilke Plassmann,et al.  How choice ambiguity modulates activity in brain areas representing brand preference: evidence from consumer neuroscience , 2008 .

[17]  N. Logothetis What we can do and what we cannot do with fMRI , 2008, Nature.

[18]  U. Fischbacher,et al.  Oxytocin Shapes the Neural Circuitry of Trust and Trust Adaptation in Humans , 2008, Neuron.

[19]  T. Robbins,et al.  Differential effects of insular and ventromedial prefrontal cortex lesions on risky decision-making , 2008, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[20]  Izak Benbasat,et al.  A Research Agenda for Trust in Online Environments , 2008, J. Manag. Inf. Syst..

[21]  R. Deichmann,et al.  Distinct causal influences of parietal versus frontal areas on human visual cortex: evidence from concurrent TMS-fMRI. , 2008, Cerebral cortex.

[22]  S. Quartz,et al.  Human Insula Activation Reflects Risk Prediction Errors As Well As Risk , 2008, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[23]  Bernd Weber,et al.  Amygdala tractography predicts functional connectivity and learning during feedback-guided decision-making , 2008, NeuroImage.

[24]  Horst Bischof,et al.  Toward Self-Paced Brain–Computer Communication: Navigation Through Virtual Worlds , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[25]  C Neuper,et al.  Spatio-temporal differences in brain oxygenation between movement execution and imagery: a multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy study. , 2008, International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology.

[26]  Colin Camerer,et al.  Neuroeconomics: decision making and the brain , 2008 .

[27]  Angelika Dimoka,et al.  Where Does TAM Reside in the Brain? The Neural Mechanisms Underlying Technology Adoption , 2008, ICIS.

[28]  Brian T. Gold,et al.  Speed of lexical decision correlates with diffusion anisotropy in left parietal and frontal white matter: Evidence from diffusion tensor imaging , 2007, Neuropsychologia.

[29]  Matthew D. Lieberman,et al.  Social cognitive neuroscience: a review of core processes. , 2007, Annual review of psychology.

[30]  G. Pfurtscheller,et al.  Brain–Computer Communication: Motivation, Aim, and Impact of Exploring a Virtual Apartment , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering.

[31]  Nick Lee,et al.  Neuroimaging and Psychophysiological Measurement in Organizational Research , 2007, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[32]  K. Cosgrove,et al.  Evolving Knowledge of Sex Differences in Brain Structure, Function, and Chemistry , 2007, Biological Psychiatry.

[33]  Izak Benbasat,et al.  Quo vadis TAM? , 2007, J. Assoc. Inf. Syst..

[34]  Leslie Sargent Jones,et al.  The Ethics of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation , 2007, Science.

[35]  Paul A. Pavlou,et al.  Understanding and Mitigating Uncertainty in Online Exchange Relationships: A Principal-Agent Perspective , 2007, MIS Q..

[36]  Laura Chamberlain,et al.  What is "neuromarketing"? A discussion and agenda for future research. , 2007, International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology.

[37]  Gert Pfurtscheller,et al.  Navigating Virtual Reality by Thought: What Is It Like? , 2007, PRESENCE: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments.

[38]  Angelika Dimoka,et al.  Neuro IS: The Potential of Cognitive Neuroscience for Information Systems Research , 2007, ICIS.

[39]  Desney S. Tan,et al.  Using a low-cost electroencephalograph for task classification in HCI research , 2006, UIST.

[40]  S. Mori,et al.  Principles of Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Its Applications to Basic Neuroscience Research , 2006, Neuron.

[41]  S. Quartz,et al.  Neural Differentiation of Expected Reward and Risk in Human Subcortical Structures , 2006, Neuron.

[42]  Michael P. Milham,et al.  Distinct neural mechanisms of risk and ambiguity: A meta-analysis of decision-making , 2006, NeuroImage.

[43]  L. Cahill Why sex matters for neuroscience , 2006, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[44]  Lutz Jancke,et al.  Impact Assessment of Neuroimaging , 2006 .

[45]  Alan H. Wilman,et al.  Males and females differ in brain activation during cognitive tasks , 2006, NeuroImage.

[46]  Evan M. Gordon,et al.  Neural Signatures of Economic Preferences for Risk and Ambiguity , 2006, Neuron.

[47]  Jonathan D. Cohen,et al.  Neuroeconomics: cross-currents in research on decision-making , 2006, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[48]  Nikos K. Logothetis Neuronale Implementierung der Objekt- und Gesichtserkennung , 2006 .

[49]  Andreas Nieder Neurobiologische Grundlagen der Zahlenverarbeitung , 2006 .

[50]  Christa Neuper,et al.  Motor imagery and EEG-based control of spelling devices and neuroprostheses. , 2006, Progress in brain research.

[51]  Melody Moore Jackson,et al.  Towards Predicting Control of a Brain-Computer Interface , 2006, ICIS.

[52]  Colin Camerer,et al.  Neural Systems Responding to Degrees of Uncertainty in Human Decision-Making , 2005, Science.

[53]  Michael Rosemann,et al.  Factors and measures of business process modelling: model building through a multiple case study , 2005, Eur. J. Inf. Syst..

[54]  P. Kenning,et al.  NeuroEconomics: An overview from an economic perspective , 2005, Brain Research Bulletin.

[55]  Christian Rauh,et al.  The Influence of the Avatar on Online Perceptions of Anthropomorphism, Androgyny, Credibility, Homophily, and Attraction , 2005, J. Comput. Mediat. Commun..

[56]  Camelia M. Kuhnen,et al.  The Neural Basis of Financial Risk Taking , 2005, Neuron.

[57]  Antonio Damasio,et al.  The somatic marker hypothesis: A neural theory of economic decision , 2005, Games Econ. Behav..

[58]  David Gefen,et al.  If you spoke as she does, sir, instead of the way you do: a sociolinguistics perspective of gender differences in virtual communities , 2005, DATB.

[59]  Henrik Walter,et al.  Side Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Biased Task Performance in a Cognitive Neuroscience Study , 2005, Brain Topography.

[60]  Meghana Bhatt,et al.  Self-Referential Thinking and Equilibrium as States of Mind in Games: Fmri Evidence , 2005, Games Econ. Behav..

[61]  Hilke Plassmann,et al.  Nonlinear Responses Within the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Reveal When Specific Implicit Information Influences Economic Decision Making , 2005, Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging.

[62]  S. Quartz,et al.  Getting to Know You: Reputation and Trust in a Two-Person Economic Exchange , 2005, Science.

[63]  Rex E. Jung,et al.  The neuroanatomy of general intelligence: sex matters , 2005, NeuroImage.

[64]  Izak Benbasat,et al.  Trust In and Adoption of Online Recommendation Agents , 2005, J. Assoc. Inf. Syst..

[65]  F. Babiloni,et al.  Estimation of the cortical functional connectivity with the multimodal integration of high-resolution EEG and fMRI data by directed transfer function , 2005, NeuroImage.

[66]  Veda C. Storey,et al.  User Profiles for Facilitating Conversations with Locked-In Users , 2005, ICIS.

[67]  P. Glimcher,et al.  Neuroeconomics: The Consilience of Brain and Decision , 2004, Science.

[68]  M. Murray,et al.  EEG source imaging , 2004, Clinical Neurophysiology.

[69]  K. Pope,et al.  Cognitive tasks augment gamma EEG power , 2004, Clinical Neurophysiology.

[70]  Tim Ambler,et al.  The distributed neuronal systems supporting choice‐making in real‐life situations: differences between men and women when choosing groceries detected using magnetoencephalography , 2004, The European journal of neuroscience.

[71]  S. Rose,et al.  Salience and choice: Neural correlates of shopping decisions , 2004 .

[72]  Bogdan Draganski,et al.  Neuroplasticity: Changes in grey matter induced by training , 2004, Nature.

[73]  Izak Benbasat,et al.  The Effects of Text-To-Speech Voice and 3D Avatars on Consumer Trust in the Design of Live Help Interface of Electronic Commerce , 2004, AMCIS.

[74]  Gordon B. Davis,et al.  User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View , 2003, MIS Q..

[75]  Corianne Rogalsky,et al.  Increased activation in the right insula during risk-taking decision making is related to harm avoidance and neuroticism , 2003, NeuroImage.

[76]  Izak Benbasat,et al.  The Identity Crisis Within the IS Discipline: Defining and Communicating the Discipline's Core Properties , 2003, MIS Q..

[77]  Walter Schneider,et al.  Controlled & automatic processing: behavior, theory, and biological mechanisms , 2003, Cogn. Sci..

[78]  R. Adolphs Cognitive neuroscience: Cognitive neuroscience of human social behaviour , 2003, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[79]  Detmar W. Straub,et al.  Trust and TAM in Online Shopping: An Integrated Model , 2003, MIS Q..

[80]  David I. Laibson,et al.  Neuroeconomics: How Neuroscience Can Inform Economics , 2005 .

[81]  Neil Burgess,et al.  Navigation expertise and the human hippocampus: A structural brain imaging analysis , 2003, Hippocampus.

[82]  Henrik Walter,et al.  Cultural objects modulate reward circuitry , 2002, Neuroreport.

[83]  Ron Weber,et al.  Research Commentary: Information Systems and Conceptual Modeling - A Research Agenda , 2002, Inf. Syst. Res..

[84]  Martha J. Farah,et al.  Emerging ethical issues in neuroscience , 2002, Nature Neuroscience.

[85]  Mukesh Dhamala,et al.  Hyperscanning : Simultaneous fMRI during Linked Social Interactions , 2001 .

[86]  Monique Ernst,et al.  Decision-making in a Risk-taking Task: A PET Study , 2002, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[87]  Roger W. Spencer,et al.  Quality, Uncertainty and the Internet: The Market for Cyber Lemons , 2002 .

[88]  J. O'Doherty,et al.  Automatic and intentional brain responses during evaluation of trustworthiness of faces , 2002, Nature Neuroscience.

[89]  Ron Weber,et al.  Should Optional Properties Be Used in Conceptual Modelling? A Theory and Three Empirical Tests , 2001, Inf. Syst. Res..

[90]  N. Logothetis,et al.  Neurophysiological investigation of the basis of the fMRI signal , 2001, Nature.

[91]  Karl J. Friston,et al.  A Voxel-Based Morphometric Study of Ageing in 465 Normal Adult Human Brains , 2001, NeuroImage.

[92]  D. Le Bihan,et al.  Diffusion tensor imaging: Concepts and applications , 2001, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.

[93]  H. Critchley,et al.  Neural Activity in the Human Brain Relating to Uncertainty and Arousal during Anticipation , 2001, Neuron.

[94]  Tim Ambler,et al.  Magnetoencephalographic Signals Identify Stages in Real-Life Decision Processes , 2001, Neural plasticity.

[95]  J. Cacioppo,et al.  Multilevel integrative analyses of human behavior: social neuroscience and the complementing nature of social and biological approaches. , 2000, Psychological bulletin.

[96]  Rokia Missaoui,et al.  Conceptual modeling for data and knowledge management , 2000, Data Knowl. Eng..

[97]  Viswanath Venkatesh,et al.  Why Don't Men Ever Stop to Ask for Directions? Gender, Social Influence, and Their Role in Technology Acceptance and Usage Behavior , 2000, MIS Q..

[98]  José Cuena,et al.  The role of knowledge modelling techniques in software development: a general approach based on a knowledge management tool , 2000, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud..

[99]  Veda C. Storey,et al.  An ontological analysis of the relationship construct in conceptual modeling , 1999, TODS.

[100]  F. L. D. Silva,et al.  Event-related EEG/MEG synchronization and desynchronization: basic principles , 1999, Clinical Neurophysiology.

[101]  H. Flor,et al.  A spelling device for the paralysed , 1999, Nature.

[102]  Keng Siau Information Modeling and Method Engineering: A Psychological Perspective , 1999, J. Database Manag..

[103]  Daniel L. Moody,et al.  Metrics for Evaluating the Quality of Entity Relationship Models , 1998, ER.

[104]  M. Fox,et al.  Enterprise Modeling , 1998, AI Mag..

[105]  Detmar W. Straub,et al.  Gender Differences in the Perception and Use of E-Mail: An Extension to the Technology Acceptance Model , 1997, MIS Q..

[106]  Keng Siau L.E.O.: The Incredible Story of the World's First Business Computer , 1997 .

[107]  William J. Kettinger,et al.  Business Process Change: A Study of Methodologies, Techniques, and Tools , 1997, MIS Q..

[108]  Peretz Shoval,et al.  Entity-Relationship and Object-Oriented Data Modeling-an Experimental Comparison of Design Quality , 1997, Data Knowl. Eng..

[109]  A. Damasio The somatic marker hypothesis and the possible functions of the prefrontal cortex. , 1996, Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences.

[110]  François Vernadat,et al.  Enterprise modeling and integration : principles and applications , 1996 .

[111]  Yair Wand,et al.  Theoretical foundations for conceptual modelling in information systems development , 1995, Decis. Support Syst..

[112]  J. H. Davis,et al.  An Integrative Model Of Organizational Trust , 1995 .

[113]  R. Joynt Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain , 1995 .

[114]  Arne Sølvberg,et al.  Understanding quality in conceptual modeling , 1994, IEEE Software.

[115]  A. Damasio Descartes' error: emotion, reason, and the human brain. avon books , 1994 .

[116]  Eric J. Johnson,et al.  The adaptive decision maker , 1993 .

[117]  R. Turner,et al.  Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of human brain activity during primary sensory stimulation. , 1992, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[118]  M. Buchsbaum,et al.  Regional glucose metabolic changes after learning a complex visuospatial/motor task: a positron emission tomographic study , 1992, Brain Research.

[119]  I. Ajzen The theory of planned behavior , 1991 .

[120]  Shamkant B. Navathe,et al.  Conceptual Database Design: An Entity-Relationship Approach , 1991 .

[121]  A. J. Fridlund,et al.  The Skeletomotor System , 1990 .

[122]  J. Cacioppo,et al.  Principles of psychophysiology : physical, social, and inferential elements , 1990 .

[123]  Fred D. Davis Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology , 1989, MIS Q..

[124]  D. Regan Human brain electrophysiology: Evoked potentials and evoked magnetic fields in science and medicine , 1989 .

[125]  Arne Sølvberg,et al.  Activity Modeling and Behavior Modeling , 1986, Information Systems Design Methodologies: Improving the Practice.

[126]  Jeffrey E. Kottemann,et al.  Information Systems Planning and Development: Strategic Postures and Methodologies , 1984, J. Manag. Inf. Syst..

[127]  Herbert A. Simon,et al.  The Sciences of the Artificial - 3rd Edition , 1981 .

[128]  A S Gevins,et al.  EEG patterns during 'cognitive' tasks. I. Methodology and analysis of complex behaviors. , 1979, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[129]  J. Doyle,et al.  EEG patterns during 'cognitive' tasks. II. Analysis of controlled tasks. , 1979, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[130]  I. Ajzen,et al.  Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research , 1977 .

[131]  J J Vidal,et al.  Toward direct brain-computer communication. , 1973, Annual review of biophysics and bioengineering.

[132]  H. Helmholtz Ueber einige Gesetze der Vertheilung elektrischer Ströme in körperlichen Leitern mit Anwendung auf die thierisch‐elektrischen Versuche , 1853 .