ELYSE¿A picosecond electron accelerator for pulse radiolysis research

Abstract Recent years have seen an increasing interest in the use of intense, short pulse electron beams for pulsed radiolysis research. Laser driven photo-cathodes inserted in radio frequency (RF) guns are ideal candidates to provide electron beams for time-resolved spectroscopic observation of very fast chemical reactions. These guns have been developed through accelerator R&D programmes in the field of high brightness sources for other applications (linear colliders, free electron lasers). The Physical Chemistry Laboratory at the University of Paris-Sud has created a Fast Kinetics Centre for experimental pulse radiolysis with picosecond time resolution. At the heart of this new facility is a compact 4–9 MeV electron accelerator, ELYSE, using RF gun technology. It has been designed and built by the Linear Acclerator Laboratory at the University of Paris-Sud. We will describe the construction and commissioning of ELYSE, the first machine of this type in Europe.

[1]  John R. Miller,et al.  Yield and decay of the hydrated electron from 100 ps to 3 ns , 1976 .

[2]  M. Katayama,et al.  THE YIELD OF HYDRATED ELECTRONS AT 30 PICOSECONDS , 1982 .

[3]  L. Young,et al.  The particle tracking code Parmela , 2003, Proceedings of the 2003 Particle Accelerator Conference.

[4]  M. Uesaka,et al.  Design and development of a sub-picosecond pulse radiolysis system , 2001 .

[5]  G. Buxton,et al.  Critical Review of rate constants for reactions of hydrated electrons, hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH/⋅O− in Aqueous Solution , 1988 .

[6]  Charles D. Jonah,et al.  Radiation Chemistry: Present Status and Future Trends , 2001 .

[7]  P. Wardman,et al.  Reduction Potentials of One-Electron Couples Involving Free Radicals in Aqueous Solution , 1989 .

[8]  E. Chevallay,et al.  Photocathodes tested in the dc gun of the CERN photoemission laboratory , 1994 .

[9]  H. Wiedemann.  Particle accelerator physics , 1993 .

[10]  J. Boag,et al.  Absorption Spectra in Irradiated Water and Some Solutions: Absorption Spectra of ‘Hydrated’ Electron , 1963, Nature.

[11]  S. Tagawa,et al.  Measurement of far-infrared subpicosecond coherent radiation for pulse radiolysis , 1999 .

[12]  J. Godot,et al.  Modular electron gun consisting of two rf sections and an intermediate focusing solenoid , 1994 .

[13]  C. Desfrançois,et al.  Photo-induced dissociation of protonated tryptophan TrpH+: A direct dissociation channel in the excited states controls the hydrogen atom loss , 2004 .

[14]  A new chemical analysis system using a photocathode RF gun , 2000 .

[15]  M. Uesaka,et al.  Ultra-fast pulse radiolysis system combined with a laser photocathode RF gun and a femtosecond laser , 2002 .

[16]  J W Hunt,et al.  Design and performance of a pulse radiolysis system capable of picosecond time resolution. , 1970, The Review of scientific instruments.

[17]  D. Sertore,et al.  Auger and x‐ray photoemission spectroscopy study on Cs2Te photocathodes , 1996 .

[18]  J. Keene.  Absorption Spectra in Irradiated Water and Some Solutions: Optical Absorptions in Irradiated Water , 1963, Nature.

[19]  Farhataziz,et al.  Radiation Chemistry: Principles and Applications , 1987 .

[20]  M. Mostafavi,et al.  Preferential Solvation of Coumarin 153The Role of Hydrogen Bonding , 2002 .

[21]  G. Devanz,et al.  EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CANDELA PHOTO-INJECTOR , 1997 .

[22]  J. Hynes,et al.  Femtochemistry and femtobiology : ultrafast events in molecular science : VIth International Conference on Femtochemistry, Maison de la Chimie, Paris, France, July 6-10, 2003 , 2004 .