Functionalized Nanoelectrode Arrays for In-Situ Identification and Quantification of Regulated Chemicals in Water

The nanoelectrode arrays for in-situ identification and quantification of chemicals in water progressed in four major directions. 1) We developed and engineered three nanoelectrode array designs which operate in a portable field mode or as a distributed sensor network for water systems. 2) To replace the fragile glass electrochemical cells used in the lab, we designed and engineered field-ready sampling heads combining the arrays with a high-speed potentiostat. 3) To utilize these arrays in a portable system we designed and engineered a light-weight high-speed potentiostat with pulse widths from 2 μsec to 100 msec or greater. 4) Finally, we developed the parameters for an analytical method in low-conductivity solutions for Pb(II) detection, with initial studies for the analysis of As(III) and As(V) analysis in natural water sources.