Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms: prednisolone.

Literature data relevant to the decision to allow a waiver of in vivo bioequivalence (BE) testing for the approval of immediate release (IR) solid oral dosage forms containing prednisolone are reviewed. Data on its solubility, oral absorption, and permeability are not totally conclusive, but strongly suggest a BCS Class 1 classification. Prednisolone's therapeutic indications and therapeutic index, pharmacokinetics, and the possibility of excipient interactions were also taken into consideration. Available evidence indicates that a biowaiver for IR solid oral dosage forms formulated with the excipients tabulated in this article would be unlikely to expose patients to undue risks.

[1]  D. Barends,et al.  Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms: isoniazid. , 2007, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[2]  D. Barends,et al.  Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms: amitriptyline hydrochloride. , 2006, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[3]  D. Barends,et al.  Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms: cimetidine. , 2006, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[4]  D. Barends,et al.  Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms: acetaminophen (paracetamol). , 2006, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[5]  D. Barends,et al.  Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms: ibuprofen. , 2005, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[6]  D M Barends,et al.  Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms: ranitidine hydrochloride. , 2005, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[7]  D. Barends,et al.  Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms based on biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) literature data: chloroquine phosphate, chloroquine sulfate, and chloroquine hydrochloride. , 2005, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[8]  S. Yalkowsky,et al.  Comparison of the octanol/water partition coefficients calculated by ClogP, ACDlogP and KowWin to experimentally determined values. , 2005, International journal of pharmaceutics.

[9]  W. Jusko,et al.  Dose dependent pharmacokinetics of prednisone and prednisolone in man , 1981, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics.

[10]  J. Wagner,et al.  Bioavailability of prednisolone tablets , 1977, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics.

[11]  J. Hartiala Steroid metabolism in adult lung , 1976, Agents and Actions.

[12]  J. Wagner,et al.  Comparative bioavailability: Eight commercial prednisone tablets , 1976, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics.

[13]  J. Wagner,et al.  Comparative bioavailability: A new type ofin vitro-in vivo correlation exemplified by prednisone , 1976, Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics.

[14]  Jennifer B Dressman,et al.  Classification of orally administered drugs on the World Health Organization Model list of Essential Medicines according to the biopharmaceutics classification system. , 2004, European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V.

[15]  G L Amidon,et al.  Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms based on biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) literature data: verapamil hydrochloride, propranolol hydrochloride, and atenolol. , 2004, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[16]  Mei-Ling Chen,et al.  Summary workshop report: biopharmaceutics classification system--implementation challenges and extension opportunities. , 2004, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[17]  G. Amidon,et al.  Molecular properties of WHO essential drugs and provisional biopharmaceutical classification. , 2004, Molecular pharmaceutics.

[18]  J. Crison,et al.  A Theoretical Basis for a Biopharmaceutic Drug Classification: The Correlation of in Vitro Drug Product Dissolution and in Vivo Bioavailability , 1995, Pharmaceutical Research.

[19]  W. Downie,et al.  Dose dependent pharmacokinetics of prednisolone , 1977, European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.

[20]  Ralph,et al.  A Double- blind Trial , 2004 .

[21]  H. Vromans,et al.  Physicochemical Properties and Transport of Steroids Across Caco-2 Cells , 2004, Pharmaceutical Research.

[22]  Leslie Z. Benet,et al.  Predicting Drug Disposition via Application of BCS: Transport/Absorption/ Elimination Interplay and Development of a Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System , 2004, Pharmaceutical Research.

[23]  H. Rogers,et al.  Effect of food on the absorption and pharmacokinetics of prednisolone from enteric-coated tablets , 2004, European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.

[24]  P. Grøttum,et al.  Pharmacokinetics and protein binding of prednisolone after oral and intravenous administration , 2004, European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.

[25]  L. Benet,et al.  Pharmacokinetics of prednisolone and endogenous hydrocortisone levels in cushingoid and non-cushingoid patients , 2004, European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.

[26]  Yingqing Ran,et al.  Prediction of the aqueous solubility: comparison of the general solubility equation and the method using an amended solvation energy relationship. , 2002, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[27]  H. K. Kley,et al.  Cortisontherapie: Corticoide in Klinik und Praxis , 2002 .

[28]  G. Luippold,et al.  Bioequivalence of Different Prednisolone Tablet Formulations , 2001, Arzneimittelforschung.

[29]  Michael Levin Waiver of In Vivo Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Studies for Immediate-Release Solid Oral Dosage Forms Based on a Biopharmaceutics Classification System , 2001 .

[30]  Neera Jain,et al.  Prediction of Aqueous Solubility of Organic Compounds by the General Solubility Equation (GSE) , 2001, J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci..

[31]  Samuel H. Yalkowsky,et al.  Prediction of Drug Solubility by the General Solubility Equation (GSE) , 2001, J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci..

[32]  A. S. Vathenen,et al.  A comparison of 'abruptly stopping' with 'tailing off' oral corticosteroids in acute asthma. , 1995, Respiratory medicine.

[33]  B. Chernow,et al.  Perioperative Glucocorticoid Coverage A Reassessment 42 Years After Emergence of a Problem , 1994, Annals of surgery.

[34]  G. Wenning,et al.  Recovery of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis from suppression by short‐term, high‐dose intravenous prednisolone therapy in patients with MS , 1994, Acta neurologica Scandinavica.

[35]  W. Jusko,et al.  Bioavailability and reversible metabolism of prednisone and prednisolone in man , 1994, Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition.

[36]  P. Walson,et al.  The Transfer of Drugs and Other Chemicals Into Human Milk , 1994, Pediatrics.

[37]  W. Jusko,et al.  Pharmacokinetics of reversible metabolic systems , 1993, Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition.

[38]  C. Pickering,et al.  Double-blind trial of steroid tapering in acute asthma , 1993, The Lancet.

[39]  A. Oronsky,et al.  Anti-Inflammatory Steroid Action: Basic and Clinical Aspects , 1989 .

[40]  F. Frey,et al.  Impact of ketoconazole on the metabolism of prednisolone , 1989, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

[41]  F. Horber,et al.  Altered metabolism and decreased efficacy of prednisolone and prednisone in patients with hyperthyroidism , 1988, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

[42]  J. Ferry,et al.  Relative and Absolute Bioavailability of Prednisone and Prednisolone After Separate Oral and Intravenous Doses , 1988, Journal of clinical pharmacology.

[43]  F. Frey Kinetics and dynamics of prednisolone. , 1987, Endocrine reviews.

[44]  M. Veiga,et al.  Thermal study of prednisolone polymorphs , 1985 .

[45]  I. L. Honigberg,et al.  In vitro and in vivo bioequivalence of commerical prednisone tablets , 1984 .

[46]  P. Meffin,et al.  Alterations in prednisolone disposition as a result of oral contraceptive use and dose. , 1984, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[47]  P. Meffin,et al.  Alterations in prednisolone disposition as a result of time of administration, gender and dose. , 1984, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[48]  I. L. Honigberg,et al.  In vitro and in vivo bioequivalence of commercial prednisone tablets. , 1984, Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition.

[49]  B. Nieuweboer,et al.  The pharmacokinetics of fluocortolone and prednisolone after intravenous and oral administration. , 1984, International journal of clinical pharmacology, therapy, and toxicology.

[50]  G. Hawksworth,et al.  The binding of prednisolone in human serum and to recrystallized human albumin in vitro. , 1982, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[51]  L. Benet,et al.  Prednisolone clearance at steady state in man. , 1982, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[52]  T. Brien HUMAN CORTICOSTEROID BINDING GLOBULIN , 1981, Clinical endocrinology.

[53]  H. Rogers,et al.  Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral prednisolone. , 1980, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[54]  O. Salvatierra,et al.  Prednisolone disposition in cushingoid and noncushingoid kidney transplant patients. , 1980, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[55]  L. Powell,et al.  Dose‐dependent prednisolone kinetics , 1979, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

[56]  M E Pickup,et al.  Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Prednisone and Prednisolone , 1979, Clinical pharmacokinetics.

[57]  E. Middleton,et al.  Allergy, principles and practice , 1978 .

[58]  A. Meikle,et al.  Effectiveness of prednisolone during phenytoin therapy , 1977, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

[59]  F. Katz,et al.  Effects of diphenylhydantoin, phenobarbital, and diazepam on the metabolism of methylprednisolone and its sodium succinate. , 1975, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[60]  J. Agnew,et al.  Secretion of prednisolone into breast milk. , 1975, Archives of disease in childhood.

[61]  R. Rault,et al.  Absorption of enteric and non-enteric coated prednisolone tablets. , 1975, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[62]  K. Desante,et al.  Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of prednisone in humans. , 1975, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[63]  L. Powell,et al.  Corticosteroids in liver disease: Studies on the biological conversion of prednisone to prednisolone and plasma protein binding , 1972, Gut.

[64]  W. Hayton,et al.  Effect of complex formation on drug absorption. XI. Complexation of prednisone and prednisolone with dialkylpropionamides and its effect on prednisone transfer through an artificial lipoid barrier. , 1972, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[65]  K. Shinoda Solvent Properties of Surfactant Solutions , 1968 .

[66]  J. Jenkins,et al.  Conversion of cortisone to cortisol and prednisone to prednisolone. , 1967, British medical journal.

[67]  P. Watkins,et al.  Allopurinal and acute uric acid nephropathy. , 1966, British medical journal.

[68]  F. H. Tyler,et al.  A comparative study of the metabolism of hydrocortisone and prednisolone. , 1959, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[69]  A. A. Forist,et al.  The effects of some solid buffering agents in aqueous suspension on prednisolone. , 1958, Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. American Pharmaceutical Association.

[70]  C. Gray,et al.  Urinary metabolic products of prednisone and prednisolone. , 1956, The Journal of endocrinology.