Current practice of stakeholder engagement: researchers' experiences in North America, DACH countries and China.

Aim: To explore the current practice of stakeholder engagement in clinical trials and its evaluation in North America (USA and Canada), DACH countries (Germany, Austria and Switzerland) and China. Participants & methods: We conducted a web-based, anonymous, international, cross-sectional online survey for clinical researchers. Data were analyzed using descriptive and explorative statistical analysis including analysis of variance and analysis of covariance. Results: Stakeholder engagement is more prominent and higher accepted among researchers in North America. Researchers in DACH countries have less knowledge of the stakeholder engagement method and are less likely to apply it. Conclusion: Stakeholder engagement is perceived very differently among participants from DACH countries, North America and China. For a broader acceptance and implementation institutional support and motivational conditions might be needed.

[1]  A. Sheikh,et al.  Patient and public involvement in research: from tokenistic box ticking to valued team members , 2020, BMC Medicine.

[2]  C. Liu,et al.  Beyond clinical trials: social outcomes of structured stakeholder engagement in biomedical HIV prevention trials in China , 2019, Culture, health & sexuality.

[3]  Katherine K. Kim,et al.  A Novel Stakeholder Engagement Approach for Patient-centered Outcomes Research , 2018, Medical care.

[4]  J. Lavery.  Building an evidence base for stakeholder engagement , 2018, Science.

[5]  S. Hansen,et al.  Stakeholder-Beteiligung in der klinischen Forschung: eine ethische Analyse , 2018, Ethik in der Medizin.

[6]  M. Goodman,et al.  The science of stakeholder engagement in research: classification, implementation, and evaluation , 2017, Translational behavioral medicine.

[7]  M. Boenink,et al.  The Benefits of Patient Involvement for Translational Research , 2017, Health Care Analysis.

[8]  J. Fournier,et al.  Rates, Delays, and Completeness of General Practitioners’ Responses to a Postal Versus Web-Based Survey: A Randomized Trial , 2017, Journal of medical Internet research.

[9]  Dario Sacchini,et al.  Lay and professional stakeholder involvement in scoping palliative care issues: Methods used in seven European countries , 2017, Palliative medicine.

[10]  D. Cook,et al.  Incentive and Reminder Strategies to Improve Response Rate for Internet-Based Physician Surveys: A Randomized Experiment , 2016, Journal of medical Internet research.

[11]  S. Woolf,et al.  Authentic Engagement Of Patients And Communities Can Transform Research, Practice, And Policy. , 2016, Health affairs.

[12]  J. Selby,et al.  Stakeholder-Driven Comparative Effectiveness Research: An Update From PCORI. , 2015, JAMA.

[13]  L. Poom,et al.  An Empirical Test of Nonresponse Bias in Internet Surveys , 2015 .

[14]  Raj Sabharwal,et al.  Patient and Stakeholder Engagement in the PCORI Pilot Projects: Description and Lessons Learned , 2015, Journal of General Internal Medicine.

[15]  Emily Moore,et al.  Evaluating patient and stakeholder engagement in research: moving from theory to practice. , 2015, Journal of comparative effectiveness research.

[16]  L. Leslie,et al.  A Systematic Review of Stakeholder Engagement in Comparative Effectiveness and Patient-Centered Outcomes Research , 2014, Journal of General Internal Medicine.

[17]  Paul Wicks,et al.  Stakeholder engagement in patient-centered outcomes research: high-touch or high-tech? , 2014, Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research.

[18]  M. McPheeters,et al.  A practice-based tool for engaging stakeholders in future research: a synthesis of current practices. , 2013, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[19]  Rahber Thariani,et al.  Prioritization in Comparative Effectiveness Research: The CANCERGEN Experience , 2012, Medical care.

[20]  Paul Meissner,et al.  A New Taxonomy for Stakeholder Engagement in Patient-Centered Outcomes Research , 2012, Journal of General Internal Medicine.

[21]  Scott D Ramsey,et al.  Stakeholder participation in comparative effectiveness research: defining a framework for effective engagement. , 2012, Journal of comparative effectiveness research.

[22]  R. Freeman.  Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach , 2010 .

[23]  J. Wyatt,et al.  Using the Internet for Surveys and Health Research , 2002, Journal of medical Internet research.

[24]  R Core Team,et al.  R: A language and environment for statistical computing. , 2014 .