Use of carbon supports with copper ion as a highly sensitive non-enzymatic glucose sensor

Abstract Nearly all current non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensors involve carefully designed metal/metal oxide nanomaterials and the complications of preparing electrocatalyst increase the fabrication cost and reduce the reproducibility of a sensor. Thus, a simple yet reliable and cost-effective glucose sensing system is much desired. Inspired by the glucose oxidation mechanism of copper-based nanomaterials, we developed a series of highly sensitive electrochemical glucose sensors using micromol level Cu2+ ions as an electrocatalyst. High sensitivities are achieved on various carbon-based electrodes (GCE: 614 mA M−1 cm−2; activated carbon: 1627 mA M−1 cm−2; carbon paper: 2149 mA M−1 cm−2; graphite powder: 1695 mA M−1 cm−2, and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube: 1842 mA M−1 cm−2). With short response time (

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