Mobility AT: The Batcane (UltraCane)

The use of the long cane by visually impaired people as an obstacle detector is long standing. More recently the basic cane design has been equipped with laser or ultrasound transmitters and sensors and an interpretive human interface to improve its effectiveness, the objective being to allow safe travel by a visually impaired person. This chapter reports an important case study of the steps involved indeveloping an advanced technology obstacle avoidance cane that used bat echolocation signal processing techniques and ultrasonic technology. The final cane design is now marketed worldwide as the UltraCane™.

[1]  M. Fenton Natural History and Biosonar Signals , 1995 .

[2]  Dean A. Waters,et al.  Echolocation call design and limits on prey size: a case study using the aerial-hawking bat Nyctalus leisleri , 1995, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology.

[3]  J A Simmons,et al.  A computational model of echo processing and acoustic imaging in frequency-modulated echolocating bats: the spectrogram correlation and transformation receiver. , 1993, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[4]  H. Schnitzler,et al.  From spatial orientation to food acquisition in echolocating bats , 2003 .

[5]  R. Lindsay,et al.  Listening in the Dark , 1958 .

[6]  P. Wells,et al.  Physical principles of ultrasonic diagnosis , 1969 .

[7]  H. Schnitzler,et al.  Echolocation by Insect-Eating Bats , 2001 .

[8]  P. Morse Vibration and Sound , 1949, Nature.

[9]  W. Sullivan,et al.  Animal Sonar: Processes and Performance , 1990 .

[10]  Bertel Møhl Target Detection by Echolocating Bats , 1988 .

[11]  B. Stein,et al.  The Merging of the Senses , 1993 .

[12]  D A Waters,et al.  Echolocation call structure and intensity in five species of insectivorous bats. , 1995, The Journal of experimental biology.

[13]  Neville H Fletcher,et al.  Principles of Vibration and Sound , 1994 .

[14]  H. Schnitzler,et al.  Control of doppler shift compensation in the greater horseshoe bat,Rhinolophus ferrumequinum , 1973, Journal of comparative physiology.

[15]  D. Jenkinson,et al.  COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF SWEATING , 1973, The British journal of dermatology.

[16]  Lutz Wiegrebe,et al.  Classification of natural textures in echolocation. , 2004, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[17]  R. Fay,et al.  Hearing by Bats , 1995, Springer Handbook of Auditory Research.