Dimensional and geometric tolerance design based on constraints

The paper presents a computer-aided approach of dimensional and geometric tolerance design. The method allows a designer to specify synthetically dimensional and geometric tolerances, including tolerance types and values. Firstly, tolerances are classified as self- and cross-referenced tolerances, and the rules for tolerance types design are presented. Secondly, the stack-up of 3D feature variation is formulated as a set of stack-up constraints (equation constraints), and the variation specified by tolerance forms tolerance constraints (inequality constraints). Tolerance value design is represented as the combinatorial optimization problem. The application of the variation and tolerance constraints to specify tolerance values is studied. Finally, a tolerance design example is used to illustrate the method.

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