"Route Record Distance Vector Protocol for Minimization of Intra-Flow Interference"

The performance of wireless multi-hop networks is negatively affected by interference between neighbouring links on the same channel.  Especially intra-flow interference degrades network performance to a high degree.  To overcome this problem this thesis presents a routing protocol for wireless multi-hop networks with multiple radio interfaces, which minimizes intra-flow interference with significant performance improvement. We show that our route record based distance vector protocol can exploit channel diversity better than classic distance vector protocols.  This protocol reduces the issue of intra-flow interference to a channel combination problem by collecting route records along a path. The challenge of channel selection belongs to classical graph labelling, specifically sequence labelling, which we solve efficiently with a Viterbi and a greedy algorithm. A theoretical and numerical analysis of the problem and solution is given complemented by empirical evidence from extensive simulation. This thesis reports substantial improvement in network performance measured in throughput and packet delivery fraction without additional routing load.

[1]  Tzi-cker Chiueh,et al.  Architecture and algorithms for an IEEE 802.11-based multi-channel wireless mesh network , 2005, Proceedings IEEE 24th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies..

[2]  Malik Mubashir Hassan,et al.  N EW M ETRIC FOR HWMP PROTOCOL (NMH) , 2013 .

[3]  Vinton G. Cerf,et al.  A protocol for packet network intercommunication , 1974, CCRV.

[4]  J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves,et al.  A receiver-initiated collision-avoidance protocol for multi-channel networks , 2001, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2001. Conference on Computer Communications. Twentieth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Society (Cat. No.01CH37213).

[5]  Hans Kellerer,et al.  Approximation algorithms for knapsack problems with cardinality constraints , 2000, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[6]  Vincent W. S. Wong,et al.  Joint Optimal Channel Assignment and Congestion Control for Multi-channel Wireless Mesh Networks , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[7]  L. R. Ford,et al.  NETWORK FLOW THEORY , 1956 .

[8]  A. T. Bharucha-Reid Elements of the theory of Markov processes and their applications , 1961 .

[9]  Muriel Médard,et al.  XORs in the Air: Practical Wireless Network Coding , 2006, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking.

[10]  Kevin C. Almeroth,et al.  Interference-Aware Channel Assignment in Multi-Radio Wireless Mesh Networks , 2006, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2006. 25TH IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications.

[11]  Dieter Hogrefe,et al.  Wireless Mesh Networks for Infrastructure Deficient Areas , 2010, WCITD/NF.

[12]  C.E. Shannon,et al.  Communication in the Presence of Noise , 1949, Proceedings of the IRE.

[13]  Kirill Andreev,et al.  IEEE 802 . 11 s Mesh Networking NS-3 Model , 2010 .

[14]  P. Kumar,et al.  Capacity of Ad Hoc Wireless Networks , 2002 .

[15]  Xiang-Yang Li,et al.  XOR Rescue: Exploiting Network Coding in Lossy Wireless Networks , 2009, 2009 6th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks.

[16]  Rami Langar,et al.  An interference-aware routing metric for multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks , 2012, 2012 IEEE 8th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob).

[17]  Shyamnath Gollakota Embracing interference in wireless systems , 2012 .

[18]  Dimitrios Koutsonikolas,et al.  DMesh: Incorporating Practical Directional Antennas in Multichannel Wireless Mesh Networks , 2006, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[19]  Nitin H. Vaidya Net-X : System eXtensions for Supporting Multiple Channels , Multiple Interfaces , and Other Interface Capabilities ∗ Technical Report August 2006 Pradeep Kyasanur Chandrakanth Chereddi , 2006 .

[20]  Gregory J. Pottie,et al.  Radio link admission algorithms for wireless networks with power control and active link quality protection , 1995, Proceedings of INFOCOM'95.

[21]  Albert Y. Zomaya,et al.  An overview of Channel Assignment methods for multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks , 2010, J. Parallel Distributed Comput..

[22]  David A. Maltz,et al.  Dynamic Source Routing in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks , 1994, Mobidata.

[23]  Edsger W. Dijkstra,et al.  A note on two problems in connexion with graphs , 1959, Numerische Mathematik.

[24]  Jitendra Padhye,et al.  Routing in multi-radio, multi-hop wireless mesh networks , 2004, MobiCom '04.

[25]  Johannes Zmölnig,et al.  The Transmission of IP Datagrams over the Semaphore Flag Signaling System (SFSS) , 2007, RFC.

[26]  Philippe Jacquet,et al.  Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) , 2003, RFC.

[27]  Xiuzhen Cheng,et al.  Superimposed code based channel assignment in multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks , 2007, MobiCom '07.

[28]  A.P. Subramanian,et al.  Interference aware routing in multi-radio wireless mesh networks , 2006, 2006 2nd IEEE Workshop on Wireless Mesh Networks.

[29]  David A. Maltz,et al.  A performance comparison of multi-hop wireless ad hoc network routing protocols , 1998, MobiCom '98.

[30]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  A Channel Assignment Algorithm for Multi-Radio Wireless Mesh Networks , 2007, 2007 16th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks.

[31]  H.T. Friis,et al.  A Note on a Simple Transmission Formula , 1946, Proceedings of the IRE.

[32]  Jian Tang,et al.  Interference-aware topology control and QoS routing in multi-channel wireless mesh networks , 2005, MobiHoc '05.

[33]  Yun Zhu,et al.  Optimizing Routing Metrics for Large-Scale Multi-Radio Mesh Networks , 2007, 2007 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing.

[34]  Mahesh K. Marina,et al.  A topology control approach for utilizing multiple channels in multi-radio wireless mesh networks , 2010, Comput. Networks.

[35]  Robin Kravets,et al.  Interference-aware Load Balancing for Multihop Wireless Networks , 2005 .

[36]  Urmila Shrawankar,et al.  Interference-Aware Channel Assignment for Maximizing Throughput in WMN , 2013, ArXiv.

[37]  Samir Ranjan Das,et al.  A multichannel CSMA MAC protocol with receiver-based channel selection for multihop wireless networks , 2001, Proceedings Tenth International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (Cat. No.01EX495).

[38]  Eric C. Rosen,et al.  ARPANET Routing Algorithm Improvements , 1978 .

[39]  Samik Ghosh,et al.  Channel Assignment Strategies for Multiradio Wireless Mesh Networks: Issues and Solutions , 2007, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[40]  Randeep Bhatia,et al.  Joint Channel Assignment and Routing for Throughput Optimization in Multiradio Wireless Mesh Networks , 2006, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[41]  Jangeun Jun,et al.  The nominal capacity of wireless mesh networks , 2003, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[42]  Charles E. Perkins,et al.  Highly dynamic Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers , 1994, SIGCOMM.

[43]  Jun Zhuang,et al.  A multichannel CSMA MAC protocol for multihop wireless networks , 1999, WCNC. 1999 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (Cat. No.99TH8466).

[44]  Himanshu Gupta,et al.  Minimum Interference Channel Assignment in Multi-Radio Wireless Mesh Networks , 2007, 2007 4th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks.

[45]  Tzi-cker Chiueh,et al.  Centralized channel assignment and routing algorithms for multi-channel wireless mesh networks , 2004, MOCO.

[46]  Muriel Médard,et al.  Redundant trees for preplanned recovery in arbitrary vertex-redundant or edge-redundant graphs , 1999, TNET.

[47]  Lili Qiu,et al.  Impact of Interference on Multi-Hop Wireless Network Performance , 2005, Wirel. Networks.

[48]  Eytan Modiano,et al.  Enabling distributed throughput maximization in wireless mesh networks: a partitioning approach , 2006, MobiCom '06.

[49]  Van Nostrand,et al.  Error Bounds for Convolutional Codes and an Asymptotically Optimum Decoding Algorithm , 1967 .

[50]  Robert Tappan Morris,et al.  a high-throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing , 2005, Wirel. Networks.

[51]  Murali S. Kodialam,et al.  Characterizing the capacity region in multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks , 2005, MobiCom '05.

[52]  P. Gács,et al.  Algorithms , 1992 .

[53]  W. W. Peterson,et al.  Cyclic Codes for Error Detection , 1961, Proceedings of the IRE.

[54]  Panganamala Ramana Kumar,et al.  RHEINISCH-WESTFÄLISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE AACHEN , 2001 .

[55]  Samir R. Das,et al.  Multichannel CSMA with signal power-based channel selection for multihop wireless networks , 2000, Vehicular Technology Conference Fall 2000. IEEE VTS Fall VTC2000. 52nd Vehicular Technology Conference (Cat. No.00CH37152).

[56]  Laurence A. Wolsey,et al.  Integer and Combinatorial Optimization , 1988 .

[57]  Vishal Misra,et al.  Distributed Channel Assignment in Multi-Radio 802.11 Mesh Networks , 2007, 2007 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference.

[58]  M. K. Sue Radio frequency interference at the geostationary orbit , 1981 .

[59]  Yunnan Wu,et al.  Context-based Routing: Technique, Applications, and Experience , 2008, NSDI.

[60]  David R. Karger,et al.  A scalable location service for geographic ad hoc routing , 2000, MobiCom '00.

[61]  Nitin H. Vaidya,et al.  Routing and link-layer protocols for multi-channel multi-interface ad hoc wireless networks , 2006, MOCO.

[62]  Charles E. Perkins,et al.  Performance comparison of two on-demand routing protocols for ad hoc networks , 2001, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[63]  Jon Postel,et al.  User Datagram Protocol , 1980, RFC.

[64]  Alec Wolman,et al.  A multi-radio unification protocol for IEEE 802.11 wireless networks , 2004, First International Conference on Broadband Networks.

[65]  Gustavo Carneiro,et al.  FlowMonitor: a network monitoring framework for the network simulator 3 (NS-3) , 2009, VALUETOOLS.

[66]  P. Bahl,et al.  SSCH: slotted seeded channel hopping for capacity improvement in IEEE 802.11 ad-hoc wireless networks , 2004, MobiCom '04.

[67]  Mathilde Benveniste 'Tiered contention multiple access' (TCMA), a QoS-based distributed MAC protocol , 2002, The 13th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications.

[68]  Charles E. Perkins,et al.  Ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing , 1999, Proceedings WMCSA'99. Second IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications.

[69]  Robin Kravets,et al.  Designing routing metrics for mesh networks , 2005 .

[70]  Sanjay Jha,et al.  Topology Control and Channel Assignment in Multi-Radio Multi-Channel Wireless Mesh Networks , 2007, 2007 IEEE Internatonal Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems.

[71]  Richard Bellman,et al.  ON A ROUTING PROBLEM , 1958 .

[72]  Thomas R. Henderson,et al.  Validation of OFDM error rate model in ns-3 , 2010 .

[73]  Charles L. Hedrick,et al.  Routing Information Protocol , 1988, RFC.

[74]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  Propagation measurements and models for wireless communications channels , 1995, IEEE Commun. Mag..

[75]  Naixue Xiong,et al.  Channel Assignment with Topology Preservation for Multi-radio Wireless Mesh Networks , 2010, J. Commun..

[76]  A. Raftery A model for high-order Markov chains , 1985 .