Commentary: investigating neighbourhood effects on health--avoiding the 'local trap'.

Policy 2004;9:17–22. 44 Pearce J, Kingham S, Zawar-Reza P. Every breath you take? Environmental justice and air pollution in Christchurch, New Zealand. Environ Plan A 2006;38:919–38. 45 Joseph AE, Phillips DR. Accessibility and Utilization: Geographical Perspectives on Health Care Delivery. New York: Harper & Row, 1984. 46 Barnett JR, Coyle P. Social inequality and general practitioner utilisation: assessing the effects of financial barriers on the use of care by low income groups. NZ Med J 1998;111:66–70. 47 Barnett JR, Coyle P, Kearns RA. Holes in the safety net? Assessing the effects of targeted benefits upon the health care utilization of poor New Zealanders. Health Soc Care Community 2000;8:159–71. 48 Hefford M, Crampton P, Foley J. Reducing health disparities through primary care reform: the New Zealand experiment. Health Policy 2005;72:9–23. 49 Humpel N, Owen N, Iverson D, Leslie E, Bauman A. Perceived environment attributes, residential location, and walking for particular purposes. Am J Prev Med 2004;26:119–25. 50 Sampson R, Raudenbush S. Neighbourhood stigma and the perception of disorder. Focus 2005;24:7–11. 51 Acheson D. Independent Inquiry into Inequalities in Health. London: Stationary Office, 1998.

[1]  M. Cutchin The need for the "new health geography" in epidemiologic studies of environment and health. , 2007, Health & place.

[2]  N. Mutrie,et al.  Nowhere to play? The relationship between the location of outdoor play areas and deprivation in Glasgow. , 2007, Health & place.

[3]  Steven Cummins,et al.  Understanding and representing 'place' in health research: a relational approach. , 2007, Social science & medicine.

[4]  M. Kwan Gis methods in time‐geographic research: geocomputation and geovisualization of human activity patterns , 2004 .

[5]  Stephen A. Matthews,et al.  Geo-ethnography: Coupling Geographic Information Analysis Techniques with Ethnographic Methods in Urban Research , 2005, Cartogr. Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Geovisualization.

[6]  Steven Cummins,et al.  Food environments and obesity--neighbourhood or nation? , 2006, International journal of epidemiology.

[7]  B. Born,et al.  Avoiding the Local Trap , 2006 .

[8]  Mark Purcell,et al.  Against the local trap: scale and the study of environment and development , 2005 .

[9]  M. Petticrew,et al.  Reducing Inequalities in Health and Diet: Findings from a Study on the Impact of a Food Retail Development , 2008 .

[10]  Mark Purcell,et al.  Urban Democracy and the Local Trap , 2006 .

[11]  S. Macintyre,et al.  Deprivation amplification revisited; or, is it always true that poorer places have poorer access to resources for healthy diets and physical activity? , 2007, The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity.

[12]  Investigating environmental justice in Scotland: links between measures of environmental quality and social deprivation. , 2005 .

[13]  Michael F. Goodchild,et al.  Spatially integrated social science , 2004 .

[14]  Karen Witten,et al.  Are socially disadvantaged neighbourhoods deprived of health-related community resources? , 2007, International journal of epidemiology.

[15]  Morton E. O'Kelly,et al.  Recent advances in accessibility research: Representation, methodology and applications , 2003, J. Geogr. Syst..

[16]  Peter Williams,et al.  Who is disadvantaged? Retail change and social exclusion , 2001 .

[17]  G. Kaplan,et al.  Neighborhood social environment and risk of death: multilevel evidence from the Alameda County Study. , 1999, American journal of epidemiology.

[18]  T. Glass Commentary: culture in epidemiology--the 800 pound gorilla? , 2006, International journal of epidemiology.

[19]  Gavin Turrell,et al.  Does living in a disadvantaged area mean fewer opportunities to purchase fresh fruit and vegetables in the area? Findings from the Brisbane food study. , 2006, Health & place.