Channel estimation for OFDM systems with transmitter diversity in mobile wireless channels

Transmitter diversity is an effective technique to improve wireless communication performance. In this paper, we investigate transmitter diversity using space-time coding for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems in high-speed wireless data applications. We develop channel parameter estimation approaches, which are crucial for the decoding of the space-time codes, and we derive the MSE bounds of the estimators. The overall receiver performance using such a transmitter diversity scheme is demonstrated by extensive computer simulations. For an OFDM system with two transmitter antennas and two receiver antennas with transmission efficiency as high as 1.475 bits/s/Hz, the required signal-to-noise ratio is only about 7 dB for a 1% bit error rate and 9 dB for a 10% word error rate assuming channels with two-ray, typical urban, and hilly terrain delay profiles, and a 40-Hz Doppler frequency. In summary, with the proposed channel estimator, combining OPDM with transmitter diversity using space-time coding is a promising technique for highly efficient data transmission over mobile wireless channels.

[1]  Elvino S. Sousa,et al.  Fading-resistant modulation using several transmitter antennas , 1997, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[2]  Vahid Tarokh,et al.  Space-time coded OFDM for high data-rate wireless communication over wideband channels , 1998, VTC '98. 48th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. Pathway to Global Wireless Revolution (Cat. No.98CH36151).

[3]  L. Greenstein,et al.  Tap-selectable decision-feedback equalization , 1997, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[4]  A. Robert Calderbank,et al.  Space-Time Codes for High Data Rate Wireless Communications : Performance criterion and Code Construction , 1998, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[5]  Leonard J. Cimini,et al.  OFDM with Diversity and Coding for High-Bit-Rate Mobile Data Applications , 1997 .

[6]  J. H. Winters,et al.  Spatial-temporal equalization for IS-136 TDMA systems with rapid dispersive fading and cochannel interference , 1999 .

[7]  R. Steele,et al.  Mobile Radio Communications , 1999 .

[8]  Kenneth J. Kerpez.  Constellations for good diversity performance , 1993, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[9]  Per Ola Börjesson,et al.  OFDM channel estimation by singular value decomposition , 1996, Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference - VTC.

[10]  Doron Rainish.  Diversity transform for fading channels , 1996, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[11]  Leonard J. Cimini,et al.  OFDM with diversity and coding for advanced cellular Internet services , 1997, GLOBECOM 97. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference. Conference Record.

[12]  Babak Daneshrad,et al.  Clustered OFDM with transmitter diversity and coding , 1996, Proceedings of GLOBECOM'96. 1996 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference.

[13]  Alan V. Oppenheim,et al.  Discrete-Time Signal Pro-cessing , 1989 .

[14]  Gregory W. Wornell,et al.  Efficient signal processing techniques for exploiting transmit antenna diversity on fading channels , 1997, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[15]  Geoffrey Ye Li,et al.  Robust channel estimation for OFDM systems with rapid dispersive fading channels , 1998, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[16]  Alberto Morello,et al.  CD3-OFDM: a novel demodulation scheme for fixed and mobile receivers , 1996, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[17]  Jack H. Winters,et al.  Two signaling schemes for improving the error performance of frequency division duplex (FDD) transmission systems using transmitter antenna diversity , 1994, Int. J. Wirel. Inf. Networks.

[18]  S. Weinstein,et al.  Data Transmission by Frequency-Division Multiplexing Using the Discrete Fourier Transform , 1971 .

[19]  Irving Kalet,et al.  The multitone channel , 1989, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[20]  J. H. Winters,et al.  The diversity gain of transmit diversity in wireless systems with Rayleigh fading , 1994, Proceedings of ICC/SUPERCOMM'94 - 1994 International Conference on Communications.

[21]  Geoffrey Ye Li,et al.  Adaptive antenna arrays for OFDM systems with cochannel interference , 1999, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[22]  A. Wittneben,et al.  A new bandwidth efficient transmit antenna modulation diversity scheme for linear digital modulation , 1993, Proceedings of ICC '93 - IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[23]  Leonard J. Cimini,et al.  Analysis and Simulation of a Digital Mobile Channel Using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing , 1985, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[24]  S.K. Wilson,et al.  On channel estimation in OFDM systems , 1995, 1995 IEEE 45th Vehicular Technology Conference. Countdown to the Wireless Twenty-First Century.