Reinforcement–concrete bond behavior: Experimentation in drying conditions and meso-scale modeling

Abstract Reinforced concrete structures must fulfill serviceability functions in terms of durability and bearing capacities. Steel–concrete interface plays a crucial role in the cracking behavior (crack openings, spacing). Hence, its accurate description should be considered in a relevant way. In this paper, a meso-scale reinforcement–concrete bond model is proposed, based on an explicit mesh of the interface area. This area implicitly considers the presence of steel ribs and the progressive steel–concrete slip through two coupled plastic criteria. The model is calibrated on pull-out tests, validated on long reinforced concrete ties in tension and compared with experimental tests carried out for this study. In this experiment, local strain in reinforcement and surface cracking mapping have been measured. Special attention is also devoted to the effect of drying shrinkage and creep on the structural and cracking behavior. Their effects are significant, but greatly depend on the reinforcement ratio.

[1]  Parviz Soroushian,et al.  LOCAL BOND OF DEFORMED BARS WITH DIFFERENT DIAMETERS IN CONFINED CONCRETE , 1989 .

[2]  Marc Quiertant,et al.  Distributed Strain Monitoring Of Reinforcement Bars Using Optical Fibers For Shm , 2013 .

[3]  Gintaris Kaklauskas,et al.  Shrinkage influence on tension stiffening in concrete members , 2009 .

[4]  Ludovic Jason,et al.  Bond slip model for the simulation of reinforced concrete structures , 2012 .

[5]  P. Feenstra.  Computational aspects of biaxial stress in plain and reinforced concrete : proefschrift , 1993 .

[6]  Zdenek P. Bazant,et al.  EFFECT OF CRACKING ON DRYING PERMEABILITY AND DIFFUSIVITY OF CONCRETE. , 1987 .

[7]  Rilem.  FMC 1 Determination of the fracture energy of mortar and concrete by means of three-point bend tests on notched beams , 1985 .

[8]  Raymond Ian Gilbert,et al.  Modeling short-term tension stiffening in reinforced concrete prisms using a continuum-based finite element model , 2009 .

[9]  Jean-Baptiste Colliat,et al.  Upscaling permeability for fractured concrete: meso–macro numerical approach coupled to strong discontinuities , 2014 .

[10]  A. Leroux.  Modèle multiaxial d'endommagement anisotrope : gestion numérique de la rupture et application à la ruine de structures en béton armé sous impacts , 2012 .

[11]  A. Loukili,et al.  Correlation between the internal length, the fracture process zone and size effect in model materials , 2005 .

[12]  M. Matallah,et al.  A practical method to estimate crack openings in concrete structures , 2009 .

[13]  J. Dube,et al.  Correlation between internal length, fracture process zone and size effect in mortar and model materials , 2005 .

[14]  Bich N. H. Tran,et al.  Essais PIAF : Pour Identifier l'Adhérence et le Frottement , 2007 .

[15]  Pierre Mivelaz,et al.  Etanchéité des structures en béton armé , 1996 .

[16]  F. Taillade,et al.  Quantitative strain measurement and crack detection in RC structures using a truly distributed fiber optic sensing system , 2012 .

[17]  Stéphanie Bonnet,et al.  Influence of traversing crack on chloride diffusion into concrete , 2008 .

[18]  Vitelmo V. Bertero,et al.  Local bond stress-slip relationships of deformed bars under generalized excitations , 1982 .

[19]  Batian Kolani,et al.  Comportement au jeune âge des structures en béton armé à base de liants composés aux laitiers , 2012 .

[20]  Olivier Maurel,et al.  2D mesoscopic modelling of bar–concrete bond , 2013 .

[21]  Leonard R. Herrmann,et al.  Development of a plasticity bond model for steel reinforcement , 1998 .

[22]  Farid Benboudjema,et al.  Numerical strategies for prediction of drying cracks in heterogeneous materials: Comparison upon experimental results , 2011 .

[23]  Delphine Brancherie,et al.  Modelling of reinforced‐concrete structures providing crack‐spacing based on X‐FEM, ED‐FEM and novel operator split solution procedure , 2010 .

[24]  J. Blaauwendraad,et al.  Prediction of bond between steel and concrete by numerical analysis , 1984 .

[25]  Gilles Pijaudier-Cabot,et al.  STEEL-CONCRETE BOND ANALYSIS WITH NONLOCAL CONTINUOUS DAMAGE , 1991 .

[26]  A. Hillerborg,et al.  Analysis of crack formation and crack growth in concrete by means of fracture mechanics and finite elements , 1976 .

[27]  Farid Benboudjema,et al.  Modeling basic creep in concrete at early-age under compressive and tensile loading , 2014 .

[28]  T. S. Phan,et al.  Numerical modeling of the rebar/concrete interface: case of the flat steel rebars , 2013 .

[29]  S. Roux,et al.  “Finite-Element” Displacement Fields Analysis from Digital Images: Application to Portevin–Le Châtelier Bands , 2006 .

[30]  Ilie Petre-Lazar,et al.  The influence of corrosion on bond properties between concrete and reinforcement in concrete structures , 2008 .

[31]  Benjamin Richard,et al.  A three-dimensional steel/concrete interface model including corrosion effects , 2010 .

[32]  G. Matheron.  The intrinsic random functions and their applications , 1973, Advances in Applied Probability.

[33]  J. Mazars.  A description of micro- and macroscale damage of concrete structures , 1986 .

[34]  B. Hamad.  Bond Strength Improvement of Reinforcing Bars with Specially Designed Rib Geometries , 1995 .

[35]  Will Hansen,et al.  Effect of Specimen Size and Shape on Drying Shrinkage of Concrete , 1987 .

[36]  Gintaris Kaklauskas,et al.  Shrinkage effect on short-term deformation behavior of reinforced concrete – When it should not be neglected , 2013 .

[37]  Yukimasa Goto,et al.  CRACKS FORMED IN CONCRETE AROUND DEFORMED TENSION BARS , 1971 .

[38]  Alain Sellier,et al.  Orthotropic damage coupled with localized crack reclosure processing: Part II: Applications , 2013 .

[39]  B. R. Gamble,et al.  Creep of Concrete in Compression During Drying and Wetting , 1978 .