Characterizing Surface Waters That May Not Require Filtration

Field data from various utilities were studied with the object of identifying a set of characteristics of a surface water that might allow it to be successfully treated by disinfection alone, thus avoiding the need to filter. It was found possible to define water quality standards for a surface water amenable to disinfection only: fecal coliforms20/ 100 mL, turbidity1 ntu, color15 acu, and chlorine demand2 mg/L. As well as meeting specifications for raw-water quality and monitoring, a utility would also need to meet certain conditions for system operations.