Comparative Evaluation of Bidirectional Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter Variants

For the realization of DC-DC converters in automotive industry, the Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converter seems to be a promising choice because of its soft-switching and high-power-density capability. Contrary to the traditional 3 level - 3 level (3-3L) DAB, a 3 level - 5 level (3-5L) DAB can operate under soft-switching and lower RMS inductor current. For this reason, a fair comparison is needed among the 3-3L DAB and two possible implementations of the 3-5L DAB, which utilize a T-Type bridge leg (3-5L-T DAB) or an NPC bridge leg (3-5L-NPC DAB) in the secondary bridge. In this paper, a comparative evaluation of the aforementioned Dual Active Bridge DC-DC converter variants is presented. The advantages and drawbacks of each concept are discussed in detail, focusing on the semiconductor chip area utilization and the impact on the converter efficiency. Furthermore, the analytical models allow a power density comparison, by correlating the component losses with their volume.

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