Recent trends in daily temperature extremes over southern Montenegro (1951-2010)

Abstract. Montenegro so far has been poorly investigated in terms of climate extremes. The aim of this paper was to analyse the extreme ETCCDI (Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices) temperature indices in the Mediterranean region of Montenegro for the period of 1951–2010. Four stations in the coastal area of Montenegro have been analysed: Herceg Novi, Ulcinj, Budva and Bar. Two periods (before 1980 and after 1980) were separately investigated in this study due to a well-known climate shift that occurred in the late 1970s. Seven indices of temperature extremes have been chosen. The trend was analysed using a Mann–Kendall non-parametric test, while the slope was estimated using Sen's slope estimator. A negative trend has been calculated for cold nights and cold days at almost all stations. The most significant positive trends were obtained for warm conditions. The two separately investigated periods have shown contrasting temperature trends.

[1]  P. Jones,et al.  Assessment of climate extremes in the Eastern Mediterranean , 2005 .

[2]  Xuebin Zhang,et al.  Trends in Middle East climate extreme indices from 1950 to 2003 , 2005 .

[3]  A. K. Tank,et al.  Trends in Indices of Daily Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in Europe, 1946–99 , 2003 .

[4]  P. Michaels,et al.  Analysis of winter and summer warming rates in gridded temperature time series , 1998 .

[5]  J. Hurrell.  Decadal Trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation: Regional Temperatures and Precipitation , 1995, Science.

[6]  A. C. Costa,et al.  Homogenization of Climate Data: Review and New Perspectives Using Geostatistics , 2009 .

[7]  M. J. Pereira,et al.  Spatial–temporal dynamics of precipitation extremes in southern Portugal: a geostatistical assessment study , 2009 .

[8]  Temperature changes on the Earth and in Serbia and North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) , 2010 .

[9]  H. Wanner,et al.  Doubled length of western European summer heat waves since 1880 , 2007 .

[10]  S. Río,et al.  Spatial analysis of mean temperature trends in Spain over the period 1961-2006 , 2011 .

[11]  Susana Nieto,et al.  Trends in warm days and cold nights over the Iberian Peninsula: relationships to large-scale variables , 2010 .

[12]  P. Jones,et al.  Long-term changes in extreme temperatures and precipitation in Spain , 2007 .

[13]  Christos Zerefos,et al.  Heat wave changes in the eastern Mediterranean since 1960 , 2010 .

[14]  Douglas Maraun,et al.  Characterisation of extreme winter precipitation in Mediterranean coastal sites and associated anomalous atmospheric circulation patterns , 2010 .

[15]  L. Vincent,et al.  Changes in Daily and Extreme Temperature and Precipitation Indices for Canada over the Twentieth Century , 2006, Data, Models and Analysis.

[16]  D. Burić.  Indexes of temperature and precipitation extremes in Podgorica in the period 1951-2008 , 2011 .

[17]  Miroslava Unkašević,et al.  Trends in temperature indices over Serbia: relationships to large‐scale circulation patterns , 2013 .

[18]  Jianqi Sun,et al.  Role of the tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature in the decadal change of the summer North Atlantic Oscillation , 2009 .

[19]  STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE CHANGES IN ISRAEL: AN APPLICATION OF CHANGE POINT DETECTION AND ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES , 2011 .

[20]  L. Alexander,et al.  Changes in temperature and precipitation extremes over the Indo‐Pacific region from 1971 to 2005 , 2011 .

[21]  P. Jones,et al.  Trends in Mediterranean gridded temperature extremes and large-scale circulation influences , 2011 .

[22]  M. Haylock,et al.  Observed coherent changes in climatic extremes during the second half of the twentieth century , 2002 .

[23]  Gorica Stanojevic,et al.  Precipitation extremes in the wettest Mediterranean region (Krivošije) and associated atmospheric circulation types , 2012 .

[24]  Anders Moberg,et al.  Daily dataset of 20th‐century surface air temperature and precipitation series for the European Climate Assessment , 2002 .

[25]  Thomas C. Peterson,et al.  Changes in daily temperature and precipitation extremes in central and south Asia , 2006 .

[26]  Andrea Toreti,et al.  Changes in temperature extremes over Italy in the last 44 years , 2008 .

[27]  J. V. Revadekar,et al.  Global observed changes in daily climate extremes of temperature and precipitation , 2006 .

[28]  S. Vicente‐Serrano,et al.  Recent trends in daily temperature extremes over northeastern Spain (1960–2006) , 2011 .

[29]  P. Sen.  Estimates of the Regression Coefficient Based on Kendall's Tau , 1968 .

[30]  Seasonally dependent changes of precipitation extremes over Germany since 1950 from a very dense observational network , 2008 .