Horizontally travelling waves in a group of piles taking pile-soil-pile interaction into account

A reactor building founded on a large number of piles situated in a layered site is analysed for an historic earthquake assumed to be propagating horizontally. Pile-soil-pile interaction is properly accounted for, incorporating the frequency-dependent stiffness and radiation damping. Compared to vertical incidence, the pile forces are increased and the piles close to the boundary are loaded more heavily than those in the centre region of the basemat.