Dissolution kinetics of tellurium from gold concentrate during alkaline sulphide leaching

Alkaline sulphide leaching was adopted to extract tellurium from tellurium-bearing gold concentrate for the first time. The tellurium leaching kinetics were studied. The influence of average particle size, stirring speed, leaching temperature, Na2S concentration, and NaOH concentration on the tellurium extraction were investigated. It was found that tellurium extraction could reach 79.14% under the optimum conditions: 17.77 μm average particle size, 500 r/min stirring speed, 80 g/L Na2S concentration, 30g/L NaOH concentration, 80°C leaching temperature, 4:1 liquid to solid ratio, and 180 minutes leaching time. The interface transfer and diffusion through the product layer or insoluble substance layer were the rate-controlling steps. The leaching kinetics equation was established, and the activation energy was 34.384 kJ/mol.

[1]  Å. Sandström,et al.  Process flowsheet development for recovering antimony from Sb-bearing copper concentrates , 2013 .

[2]  I. Eisele,et al.  Characterization of tellurium-based films for NO2 detection , 2005 .

[3]  Yajie Zheng,et al.  Leaching kinetics of selenium from selenium–tellurium-rich materials in sodium sulfite solutions , 2014 .

[4]  Mark Winskel,et al.  Implications for CdTe and CIGS technologies production costs of indium and tellurium scarcity , 2012 .

[5]  G. Wang,et al.  Optimization of process on electrodeposition of 4N tellurium from alkaline leaching solutions , 2018 .

[6]  E. Abdel-Aal.  Kinetics of sulfuric acid leaching of low-grade zinc silicate ore , 2000 .

[7]  Xie Hong-guan,et al.  Bioleaching of Low Grade Tellurium Sulfide Mineral , 2012 .

[8]  Yongxiang Yang,et al.  Recovery of tellurium from high tellurium-bearing materials by alkaline pressure leaching process: Thermodynamic evaluation and experimental study , 2013 .

[9]  K. Paknikar,et al.  Bioreduction of tellurite to elemental tellurium by Pseudomonas mendocina MCM B-180 , 2003 .

[10]  Tian-zu Yang,et al.  Leaching of low grade zinc oxide ores in NH4Cl–NH3 solutions with nitrilotriacetic acid as complexing agents , 2015 .

[11]  S. Ellis.  Treatment of gold-telluride ores , 2005 .

[12]  Dong Li,et al.  Recovery of tellurium from high tellurium-bearing materials by alkaline sulfide leaching followed by sodium sulfite precipitation , 2017 .

[13]  Peng Jinhui.  Research on Removing Tellurium from Copper Anode Slime by Process of Acid Leaching under Pressure , 2007 .

[14]  D. Dreisinger,et al.  The kinetics of oxidative leaching of vanadium trioxide , 2014 .

[15]  T. Graedel,et al.  Global anthropogenic tellurium cycles for 1940–2010 , 2013 .

[16]  Tao Zhang,et al.  Recovery of tellurium from aqueous solutions by adsorption with magnetic nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVFe) , 2018 .

[17]  G. R. Heal,et al.  Solid–liquid diffusion controlled rate equations , 1999 .

[18]  W. Xiao,et al.  Effect of Sodium Oleate on the Adsorption Morphology and Mechanism of Nanobubbles on the Mica Surface. , 2019, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[19]  Zhihong Liu,et al.  Removal of arsenic from Waelz zinc oxide using a mixed NaOH–Na2S leach , 2011 .

[20]  G. Senanayake,et al.  Extraction of tellurium from lead and copper bearing feed materials and interim metallurgical products – A short review , 2018 .

[21]  Khagendra P. Bhandari,et al.  Iron pyrite nanocrystal fi lm serves as a copper-free back contact for polycrystalline CdTe thin fi lm solar cells , 2015 .

[22]  A. Künkül,et al.  Dissolution kinetics of ulexite in perchloric acid solutions , 2007 .

[23]  A. Shihab,et al.  Enhanced efficiency of CdTe Photovoltaic by thermal evaporation Vacuum , 2019, Energy Procedia.

[24]  M. Giulio,et al.  Ammonia sensitivity of rf sputtered tellurium oxide thin films , 2009 .

[25]  D. Bingöl,et al.  Dissolution kinetics of malachite in ammonia/ammonium carbonate leaching , 2005 .

[26]  M. Ghiani,et al.  Arsenic leaching from a gold bearing enargite flotation concentrate , 2009 .