Small Firms, Borrowed Size and the Urban‐Rural Shift

In this paper we suggest that some elements of the observed urban-rural shift in firm formation and growth may centre on the phenomenon of 'borrowed size'. In doing so, we make a link between literature on the geography of small firm formation and growth, the theory of agglomeration and the relations among settlements within urban systems. Spatial externality fields have expanded over time so that small firms can locate in smaller settlements and yet access specialized labour and informational external economies of nearby larger urban areas. We examine the relevance of aspects of borrowed size in the relationship of small firms in Leighton Linslade and Lichfield to the local economy and nearby larger urban centres. In particular we question the contribution of local institutional support to the growth of rural enterprise stressed in recent analysis. We conclude by briefly noting the implications of borrowed size for conceptions of the local economy and local economic policy. Cet article cherche à avancer la proposition suivante: il se peut que certains éléments du déplacement urbano-rural observé de la constitution et du développement des entreprises portent sur la notion de 'taille empruntée'. Ainsi, on établit un lien entre la documentation sur la géographie de la constitution et de la croissance des petites entreprises, la théorie de la concentration géographique et les rapports entre les zones d'habitation au sein des systèmes urbains. La portée des effets externes géographiques s'est répandue sur le temps, ce qui a permis aux petites entreprises de s'implanter dans des zones plus petites et pourtant d'avoir accès à une main-d'oeuvre spécialisée et aux économies externes d'information dont jouissent les zones urbaines plus grandes qui sont à proximité. On examine la pertinence de certains éléments de la notion de taille empruntée quant au rapport des petites entreprises situées à Leighton Linsdale et à Lichfield avec l'économie locale et les grands centres urbains à proximité. En particulier on remet en question la contribution du soutien local institutionnel à la croissance des entreprises rurales, sur laquelle des analyses récentes mettent l'accent. Pour conclure, on note les retombées de la notion de taille empruntée pour ce qui est des conceptions de l'économie locale et de la politique économique locale. In diesem Aufsatz geben die Autoren ihrer Vermutung Ausdruck, daß manche Elemente der beobachteten Verlegung von Firmen von der Stadt aufs Land bei ihrer Bildung und ihrem Wachstums auf das Phänomen der 'geliehenen Größe' zurückgehen. Dadurch wird eine Verbindung zwischen Literatur über die Geographie der Bildung und des Wachstums kleiner Firmen, der Theorie der Ballung und Beziehungen unter Niederlassungen in städtischen Systemen hergestellt. Räumliche Externalitätsgebiete haben sich im Laufe der Zeit ausgedehnt, so daß kleine Firmen sich in kleineren Ortschaften niederlassen können, sich jedoch gleichzeitig Zugang zu Fachkräften und nahe gelegenen externen Informationswirtschaften größerer Stadtgebiete erhalten. Es wird die Relevanz bestimmter Aspekte geliehener Größe in der Beziehung kleiner Firmen in Leighton Linslade und Lichfield zur örtlichen Wirtschaft und zu nahe gelegenen größeren städtischen Zentren untersucht. Besonderer Prüfung unterzogen wird die Gewährung örtlicher institutioneller Unterstützung des Wachstums ländlicher Unternehmen, die in kürzlich veröffentlichten Analysen hervorgehoben wurde. Den Abschluß bildet eine kurze Erwähnung der Implikationen geliehener Größe für Vorstellungen von Wirtschaft und Wirtschaftspolitik am Orte.

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