Peroxisomal Targeting of PTS2 Pre‐Import Complexes in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Posttranslational matrix protein import into peroxisomes uses either one of the two peroxisomal targeting signals (PTS), PTS1 and PTS2. Unlike the PTS1 receptor Pex5p, the PTS2 receptor Pex7p is necessary but not sufficient to target cargo proteins into the peroxisomal matrix and requires coreceptors. Saccharomyces cerevisiae possesses two coreceptors, Pex18p and Pex21p, with a redundant but not a clearly defined function. To gain further insight into the early events of this import pathway, PTS2 pre‐import complexes of S. cerevisiae were isolated and characterized by determination of size and protein composition in wild‐type and different mutant strains. Mass spectrometric analysis of the cytosolic PTS2 pre‐import complex indicates that Fox3p is the only abundant PTS2 protein under oleate growth conditions. Our data strongly suggest that the formation of the ternary cytosolic PTS2 pre‐import complex occurs hierarchically. First, Pex7p recognizes cargo proteins through its PTS2 in the cytosol. In a second step, the coreceptor binds to this complex, and finally, this ternary 150 kDa pre‐import complex docks at the peroxisomal membrane, where both the PTS1 and the PTS2 import pathways converge. Gel filtration analysis of membrane‐bound subcomplexes suggests that Pex13p provides the initial binding partner at the peroxisomal membrane, whereas Pex14p assembles with Pex18p in high‐molecular‐weight complexes after or during dissociation of the PTS2 receptor.