Porcine acellular dermal graft with and without impermeable dressing to treat extensive wounds * Tratamento de feridas cutâneas extensas usando tecido dérmico acelular porcino com e sem cobertura impermeável *

BACKGROUND - The porcine acellular dermal graft is an alternative for the treatment of skin wounds. OBJECTIVE - To evaluate the clinical and inflammatory response elicited by a porcine derived acellu- lar dermal graft with or without an impermeable dressing. METHODS - A matched-pair longitudinal study was conducted by creating two skin wounds along the dorsal midline of 16 rats (4 rats/group) with implantation of a porcine acellular dermal graft with or without an impermeable dressing . At the 7th, 15th, 30th and 60th postoperative days the animals were evaluated and sacrificed. The acellular tissue and surrounding tissues were removed for his- tological and morphometric analysis. RESULTS - The impermeable dressing persisted on the wounds for up to approximately 15 days. The group without impermeable dressing presented more desiccation, fibrin crust, edema, and inflam- matory reaction in the dermis. At the 60th postoperative day, the group without the impermeable dressing still showed ulcerations, epithelium thinning and lack of keratin, whereas in the group with impermeable dressing the skin was already normal. CONCLUSION - The porcine acellular dermal tissue associated with the impermeable dressing pre- sented better clinical and histological results compared to the porcine acellular dermal tissue with- out the impermeable dressing in extensive wound healing. Keywords: Wound healing; Biocompatible materials; Tissue transplantation Resumo: FUNDAMENTOS - O tecido dermico acelular porcino e alternativa para o tratamento de feri- das cutâneas. OBJETIVO - Avaliar a resposta clinica e inflamatoria do implante de tecido dermico acelular porci- no, com e sem cobertura impermeavel. METODOS - Estudo pareado, longitudinal, criando-se duas feridas cutâneas no dorso de 16 ratos (quatro animais/grupo), em que foi implantado tecido dermico acelular coberto ou nao por impermeavel. Os animais foram avaliados e sacrificados sete, 15, 30 e 60 dias apos a cirurgia, sendo removidos os tecidos acelulares e adjacentes para avaliacao histologica e morfometrica. RESULTADOS - A cobertura impermeavel permaneceu sobre o tecido acelular porcino ate cerca de 15 dias. O grupo sem impermeavel apresentou maior desidratacao, com crosta fibrinoleucocitaria, edema e reacao inflamatoria na derme. Sessenta dias apos a cirurgia, animais do grupo sem impermeavel ainda apresentavam ulceracoes, afinamento do epitelio e ausencia de queratina, enquanto nos do grupo com impermeavel a pele ja se encontrava normal. CONCLUSAO - O tecido dermico acelular porcino com cobertura impermeavel apresentou resultados clinicos e histologicos melhores do que os do tecido dermico acelular porcino sem impermeavel para tratamento de feridas cutâneas extensas. Palavras-chave: Cicatrizacao de feridas; Materias biocompativeis; Transplante de tecidos

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