Respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: Disease severity, interleukin‐8, and virus genotype *

In infants with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis, we investigated whether disease severity is associated with the genotype of the infecting virus, or with the infant's immunological response to the infection, as determined by measurement of interleukin‐8 mRNA in the nasopharyngeal aspirate. This was a cross‐sectional observational study, performed in the Accident and Emergency Department, wards, and Intensive Care Unit of a large pediatric hospital. Participants included 276 infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection. Outcome variables included: disease severity (infants requiring oxygen or ventilation were classified as having severe disease); RSV virus genotype (determined according to typing scheme based on the nucleoprotein and G glycoprotein genes); and amount of interleukin‐8 mRNA in the nasopharyngeal aspirate, as measured by a semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. This was corrected for the amount of cellular material in the sample by expressing it relative to mRNA for a constitutively expressed gene, HGPRT.

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