Equation of State Tutorial

As the art of pipeline flow simulation has advanced, the rigor and, we trust, the accuracy of the many elements making up a flow model have increased. Steady-state models have given way to transient solutions, fluid properties are calculated and tracked along the pipeline, and configurations are represented in more detail. Isothermal models have been replaced with solutions of the energy flow equation supported by real-fluid thermodynamics and ground heat flow models. Accurate fluid properties and thermodynamics require accurate equations of state.