Distinct roles of complement receptor 3, Dectin‐1, and sialic acids in murine macrophage interaction with Histoplasma yeast

The yeast cells of dimorphic fungal pathogen Histoplasma reside primarily within the macrophages of an infected host; the interaction between the yeast and macrophage has a profound impact on host defense against the fungus. We used blocking antibodies and saccharides to identify the receptors that participate in the phagocytosis of and the cytokine response to Histoplasma. The phagocytosis and cytokine response results show that sialic acids on the macrophages were involved in the interaction between macrophages and Histoplasma. CR3, although not the only receptor involved, was responsible for phagocytosis and cytokine response. It is unclear which receptors other than CR3 are responsible for phagocytosis, but we did rule out the participation of TLR2, TLR4, MR, DC‐SIGN/SIGNR1, FcγR, VLA‐5, and Dectin‐1. Even though Dectin‐1 did not participate in phagocytosis, it collaborated with CR3 in the cytokine response to Histoplasma, suggesting that in the presence of phagocytic receptors, Histoplasma triggers cytokine signals through Dectin‐1. Moreover, macrophage phagocytosis of and cytokine response to Histoplasma are Syk kinase‐dependent. Our study delineated the distinct roles of CR3, Dectin‐1, and sialic acids in the interaction with Histoplasma and suggested that multiple receptor use might be important to host defense against Histoplasma.