The phenomenon of boredom

Boredom remains a poorly understood phenomenon despite its evident association with dysfunctional behavior and mental health problems. However, little research has been devoted to the topic, and the bulk of studies have almost exclusively been quantitative in design. For this reason, a qualitative, interpretive phenomenological study was carried out, during which ten participants were asked for their accounts of the experience of boredom. These people were sampled from the general population. The aims of the study were to find out more about the antecedents to boredom, the experience itself, any stages in its development, and methods used to deal with it. Findings indicated that boredom is an extremely unpleasant and distressing experience. Situations giving rise to the sensation varied between specific external factors, to a general propensity to boredom proneness, although, according to the participants of the study, these could change throughout their lifetime. Feelings comprising the experience of boredom were almost consistently those of restlessness combined with lethargy. No stages in the development of the experience were identified. Strategies used to overcome the problem varied greatly, but generally involved trying to find interesting things to do. These strategies tended to be unsuccessful. Traditional methods of dealing with boredom have focused on increasing stimulation and choice in the environment. The authors propose that a more effective strategy might be to focus more on internal causes of boredom, such as an inability to sustain attention, although further research is required to support this interpretation of the data.