Synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of a 99mTc‐labeled hypericin derivative as a necrosis avid imaging agent

Mono-[123I]iodohypericin and mono-[123I]iodohypericin monocarboxylic acid are iodine-123-labeled hypericin derivatives which have shown great promise in preclinical studies as necrosis avid imaging agents in animal models of infarction. In view of the more attractive properties of a 99mTc-labeled hypericin derivative, we have synthesized a conjugate of protohypericin monocarboxylic acid with S-benzoylmercaptoacetyldiglycyl-diaminopentane in an overall yield of 15%. The conjugate was labeled with technetium-99m by exchange labeling at pH 10 in a labeling yield of 95% followed by photocyclization to yield 99mTc-mercaptoacetyldiglycyl-1,5-diaminopentylene hypericincarboxamide (99mTc-13). The negatively charged 99mTc-13 complex was purified by reversed phase high-pressure liquid chromatography and the log P7.4 was determined to be 2.36. In normal NMRI mice, the complex showed slow hepatobiliary clearance while plasma clearance was rapid. The tracer was evaluated in rats with reperfused hepatic infarction by ex vivo autoradiography, gamma counting and histochemical techniques. Unlike the radioiodinated hypericin derivatives, the new tracer agent did not show preferential uptake in necrotic tissue on autoradiography and gamma counting techniques. Conjugation of hypericin with a 99mTc-chelate, resulting in a change in size, charge and lipophilicity, had a profound effect on the necrosis avidity of the tracer agent. The results show that 99mTc-13 is not suitable for imaging necrosis. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.