Coherent perfect absorption and transparency in a nanostructured graphene film.

We show numerically that both coherent perfect absorption and transparency can be realized in a monolayer graphene. The graphene film, doped and patterned with a periodical array of holes, can support plasmonic resonances in the Mid-infrared range. Under the illumination of two counter-propagating coherent optical beams, resonant optical absorption may be tuned continuously from 99.93% to less than 0.01% by controlling their relative phase which gives a modulation contrast of 40 dB (about 30 dB for transmission). The phenomenon provides a versatile platform for manipulating the interaction between light and graphene and may serve applications in optical modulators, transducers, sensors and coherent detectors.

[1]  Klaus Halterman,et al.  Coherent perfect absorption in epsilon-near-zero metamaterials , 2012 .

[2]  P. Klang,et al.  Microcavity-Integrated Graphene Photodetector , 2011, Nano letters.

[3]  Hui Cao,et al.  Perfect coupling of light to surface plasmons by coherent absorption. , 2011, Physical review letters.

[4]  A. Yariv.  Universal relations for coupling of optical power between microresonators and dielectric waveguides , 2000 .

[5]  S. D. Gupta,et al.  Controllable coherent perfect absorption in a composite film. , 2011, Optics express.

[6]  Ashkan Vakil,et al.  Transformation optics using graphene: One-atom-thick optical devices based on graphene , 2012 .

[7]  S. Thongrattanasiri,et al.  The magnetic response of graphene split-ring metamaterials , 2013, Light: Science & Applications.

[8]  Shanhui Fan,et al.  Total Absorption in a Graphene Monolayer in the Optical Regime by Critical Coupling with a Photonic Crystal Guided Resonance , 2014 .

[9]  L. Falkovsky,et al.  Space-time dispersion of graphene conductivity , 2006, cond-mat/0606800.

[10]  Xiaoliang Ma,et al.  Ultrathin broadband nearly perfect absorber with symmetrical coherent illumination. , 2012, Optics express.

[11]  Lijie Ci,et al.  Experimental observation of an extremely dark material made by a low-density nanotube array. , 2008, Nano letters.

[12]  N. Zheludev,et al.  Coherent control of optical activity and optical anisotropy of thin metamaterials , 2013, 1312.0414.

[13]  Nikolay I. Zheludev,et al.  Controlling light-with-light without nonlinearity , 2012, Light: Science & Applications.

[14]  Andre K. Geim,et al.  Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films , 2004, Science.

[15]  A. Ferrari,et al.  Graphene Photonics and Optoelectroncs , 2010, CLEO 2012.

[16]  Jeremy J. Baumberg,et al.  Omnidirectional absorption in nanostructured metal surfaces , 2008 .

[17]  Jiang-Tao Liu,et al.  Enhanced absorption of graphene with one-dimensional photonic crystal , 2012 .

[18]  O. Muskens,et al.  Plasmonic nanoantennas as integrated coherent perfect absorbers on SOI waveguides for modulators and all-optical switches. , 2013, Optics express.

[19]  Ken Liu,et al.  Electrically tunable polarizer based on anisotropic absorption of graphene ribbons , 2014, Applied Physics A.

[20]  F. Xia,et al.  Tunable infrared plasmonic devices using graphene/insulator stacks. , 2012, Nature nanotechnology.

[21]  Willie J Padilla,et al.  Infrared spatial and frequency selective metamaterial with near-unity absorbance. , 2010, Physical review letters.

[22]  Koray Aydin,et al.  Broadband polarization-independent resonant light absorption using ultrathin plasmonic super absorbers. , 2011, Nature communications.

[23]  Hui Cao,et al.  Coherent perfect absorbers: Time-reversed lasers , 2010, CLEO/QELS: 2010 Laser Science to Photonic Applications.

[24]  Sukosin Thongrattanasiri,et al.  Complete optical absorption in periodically patterned graphene. , 2012, Physical review letters.

[25]  A. N. Grigorenko,et al.  Graphene plasmonics , 2012, Nature Photonics.

[26]  S. Longhi.  Coherent perfect absorption in a homogeneously broadened two-level medium , 2011, 1111.3463.

[27]  M. Hentschel,et al.  Infrared perfect absorber and its application as plasmonic sensor. , 2010, Nano letters.

[28]  P. Ajayan,et al.  Gated tunability and hybridization of localized plasmons in nanostructured graphene. , 2013, ACS nano.

[29]  George W. Hanson,et al.  Quasi-transverse electromagnetic modes supported by a graphene parallel-plate waveguide , 2008 .

[30]  Yidong Chong,et al.  Time-Reversed Lasing and Interferometric Control of Absorption , 2011, Science.

[31]  Jing Wang,et al.  High performance optical absorber based on a plasmonic metamaterial , 2010 .

[32]  L. N. Hadley,et al.  Reflection and Transmission Interference Filters Part I. Theory , 1947 .

[33]  Franco Nori,et al.  Colloquium: Unusual resonators: Plasmonics, metamaterials, and random media , 2007, 0708.2653.

[34]  Jing Kong,et al.  Broad electrical tuning of graphene-loaded plasmonic antennas. , 2013, Nano letters.

[35]  F. Lederer,et al.  A perfect absorber made of a graphene micro-ribbon metamaterial. , 2012, Optics express.

[36]  Y. Chong,et al.  Coherent perfect absorption and reflection in slow-light waveguides. , 2013, Optics letters.

[37]  Nikolay I. Zheludev,et al.  Optical response of plasmonic relief meta-surfaces , 2012 .

[38]  Y. Chong,et al.  Gate-tunable coherent perfect absorption of terahertz radiation in graphene , 2014, 1402.2368.

[39]  Xiang Zhang,et al.  A graphene-based broadband optical modulator , 2011, Nature.

[40]  Willie J Padilla,et al.  Perfect metamaterial absorber. , 2008, Physical review letters.

[41]  Cai,et al.  Observation of critical coupling in a fiber taper to a silica-microsphere whispering-gallery mode system , 2000, Physical review letters.

[42]  M. Soljavci'c,et al.  Plasmonics in graphene at infrared frequencies , 2009, 0910.2549.

[43]  Nikolay I. Zheludev,et al.  Ultrafast all-optical switching via coherent modulation of metamaterial absorption , 2014 .

[44]  L. Falkovsky,et al.  Optical far-infrared properties of a graphene monolayer and multilayer , 2007, 0707.1386.

[45]  Satoshi Yasuda,et al.  A black body absorber from vertically aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes , 2009, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.