Multiobjective Sensor Node Deployement in Wireless Sensor Networks

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), sensor node deployment is essential for maximizing the coverage and detection probabilities. But the existing optimization solution suffers from limited energy storage, node death, increased network traffic etc. To solve these issues, we propose a multi-objective PSO and fuzzy based optimization model for sensor node deployment. The objectives considered in the paper include maximizing network coverage, connectivity and network lifetime. A fuzzy rule is constructed with the input parameters such as node degree, link quality and residual energy. Depending upon the outcome of the fuzzy logic, the nodes are categorized into good, normal and bad. After the initial deployment of good nodes, the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (PSO) based technique is applied for the deployment of other nodes. Keeping the good nodes as the reference points, PSO iteration is performed such that each bad and normal node is connected to at least one good node. Thus from our simulation results we show that the fuzzy logic and the optimization technique provides efficient and accurate decisions for node deployment.