Morphological operations with iterative rotation of structuring elements for segmentation of retinal vessel structures

The development of computer aided diagnosis system has a great impact on early and accurate disease diagnosis. The segmentation of retinal blood vessels aids in identifying the alteration in vessel structure and hence helps to diagnose many diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, hypertension along with some cardiovascular diseases. In this research work, a method is presented for the segmentation of retinal vessel structure from retinal fundus images. 2D wavelet transform assisted morphological gradient operation based ‘Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization’ technique has been introduced for the preprocessing of the low contrast fundus images. Morphological gray level hit-or-miss transform with multi-structuring element with varying orientation has been proposed for the separation of blood vessel from its background. Finally a hysteresis thresholding, guided by some morphological operations has been employed to obtain the binary image excluding other unwanted areas. The proposed methodology has been tested on DRIVE database and a maximum accuracy and an average accuracy of 95.65 and 94.31% respectively have been achieved.