Creating a Program to Deepen Family Inquiry at Interactive Science Exhibits

A common goal of science museums is to support the public in science inquiry by engaging groups of visitors with interactive exhibits. This article summarizes the efforts of a team of researchers and practitioners to extend and deepen such inquiry by explicitly coaching families in the skills of scientific inquiry at interactive exhibits. The first phase of the project, reported here, involved designing a “best case” program that worked for small groups of casual visitors under ideal circumstances, facilitated by an experienced educator in a quiet laboratory near the public floor. The final program, called Inquiry Games, taught visitors to sandwich their spontaneous physical experimentation between two additional phases: asking a question to drive their investigation at the beginning; and interpreting the results of their investigation at the end. Provisional evaluation data suggest that the Inquiry Games improved visitors' inquiry behavior in several ways and was rated as very enjoyable by them. Encouraged by these indicators, we suggest ways in which this program might be implemented on the open museum floor.

[1]  J. Minstrell,et al.  Teaching Science for Understanding , 1989 .

[2]  D. Wood Scaffolding, contingent tutoring and computer-supported learning , 2001 .

[3]  Roy D. Pea,et al.  Addressing the Challenges of Inquiry-Based Learning Through Technology and Curriculum Design , 1999 .

[4]  J. Falk,et al.  Learning from Museums: Visitor Experiences and the Making of Meaning , 2000 .

[5]  Janet L. Kolodner,et al.  Problem-Based Learning Meets Case-Based Reasoning in the Middle-School Science Classroom: Putting Learning by Design(tm) Into Practice , 2003 .

[6]  Minda Borun,et al.  Families Are Learning in Science Museums , 1996 .

[7]  Jeff Shrager,et al.  Shared scientific thinking in everyday parent‐child activity , 2001 .

[8]  J. Bransford How people learn , 2000 .

[9]  Joseph Krajcik,et al.  A Scaffolding Design Framework for Software to Support Science Inquiry , 2004, The Journal of the Learning Sciences.

[10]  Joshua P. Gutwill Challenging a Common Assumption of Hands-On Exhibits: How Counterintuitive Phenomena Can Undermine Inquiry. , 2008 .

[11]  K. Crowley,et al.  Explanatory Conversations and Young Children’s Developing Scientific Literacy , 2001 .

[12]  J. Bruer Schools for Thought: A Science of Learning in the Classroom , 1993 .

[13]  Gaea Leinhardt,et al.  Listening in on Museum Conversations , 2004 .

[14]  Kevin Crowley,et al.  Describing and Supporting Collaborative Scientific Thinking in Parent-Child Interactions , 1998 .

[15]  Sue Allen,et al.  Looking for Learning in Visitor Talk: A Methodological Exploration , 2003 .

[16]  J. Falk An Identity‐Centered Approach to Understanding Museum Learning , 2006 .

[17]  Duane Roen,et al.  Transactional Evaluation: The Right Question at the Right Time , 1986 .

[18]  Judy Diamond,et al.  The Behavior of Family Groups in Science Museums , 1986 .

[19]  Deanna Kuhn,et al.  The development of argument skills. , 2003, Child development.

[20]  G. Hein Learning in the museum , 1998 .

[21]  Jim Minstrell,et al.  Inquiring into Inquiry Learning and Teaching in Science , 2000 .

[22]  Frank Oppenheimer A Rationale for a Science Museum , 1968 .

[23]  Rodger Bybee,et al.  Teaching Science as Inquiry. , 1999 .

[24]  J. Shea National Science Education Standards , 1995 .

[25]  J. Falk,et al.  The Museum Experience , 1992 .

[26]  Leona Schauble,et al.  Causal Models and Experimentation Strategies in Scientific Reasoning , 1991 .

[27]  Ann L. Brown,et al.  Guided discovery in a community of learners. , 1994 .

[28]  What Constitutes Scientific Thinking , 1990 .

[29]  Sue Allen,et al.  USING SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY ACTIVITIES IN EXHIBIT EXPLANATIONS , 1997 .

[30]  J. Frederiksen,et al.  A Theoretical Framework and Approach for Fostering Metacognitive Development , 2005 .

[31]  Frank Oppenheimer,et al.  The Exploratorium: A Playful Museum Combines Perception and Art in Science Education , 1972 .

[32]  Brian S. White,et al.  Intermediate Causal Models: A Missing Link for Successful Science Education? , 2019, Advances in Instructional Psychology.

[33]  W. Sandoval,et al.  Explanation-Driven Inquiry: Integrating Conceptual and Epistemic Scaffolds for Scientific Inquiry , 2004 .

[34]  C. Chinn,et al.  Epistemologically Authentic Inquiry in Schools: A Theoretical Framework for Evaluating Inquiry Tasks , 2002 .

[35]  Matthew W. Lewis,et al.  Self-Explonations: How Students Study and Use Examples in Learning to Solve Problems , 1989, Cogn. Sci..

[36]  Ann L. Brown,et al.  Reciprocal Teaching of Comprehension-Fostering and Comprehension-Monitoring Activities , 1984 .

[37]  David F. Treagust,et al.  Inquiry in science education: International perspectives , 2004 .