Economic Simulation of a Small Chemical Plant
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1.1 Process Simulators Most chemical process simulators are based on the modular approach. This consists of an executive or master program which supplies a flow of information to unit subroutines or modules, which modify such information in predetermined manner. Briefly the function of the executive is to read data representing the topology and parameters of the system; store the data input for ready access; store stream information for transfer between modules; execute the modules in the correct order and control data printout including debugging options. The approach is not just replacing the :unit operations ~ of a flow chart by modules. Subroutines essentially produce changes in information flow. They are class -ified as Unit procedures which perform calculations for a specific unit operation such as simulating a nea~ exchanger~ reactor or simply a junction of streams~ i.e. mixer. Mathematical manipulation modules which test for and promote convergence in recycle problems. Such modules may carry out simultaneous solution of equations. Decision making modules which act upon the information generated earlier in the simulation study and adjust parameters or feed rates based on this information. Report-writing modules which augment the normal printout of results by gathering together information generated in the study and write them in a form required by management. A library of general purpose modules is prepared and the appropriate one's selected or custom built for use when required. Several executive systems exist mainly based on the same idea.( I ) Some only simulate mass balance calculations while others also perform heat balance and rate equipment.
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