Metal and semiconductor nanoparticles stabilized in ultrathin nanofilms and layer-structured materials

The interlamellar space of layer structured materials, such as montmorillonite, kaolinite, graphite oxide can be regarded as a nanophase reactor, in which size-quantized semiconductor and noble metal particles can be prepared. Particle growth is sterically hindered in the interlamellar space between neighboring lamellae which favors the formation of 2-10 nm particles. These synthesis strategies were successfully applied for the preparation and incorporation of Pd and Ag metal and CdS, ZnO, SnO2 semiconductor nanoparticles. Layer-by-layer self-assembled nanofilms were prepared from aqueous suspensions of semiconductor nanoparticles and various clay mineral suspensions onto glass surface. The nanoparticles adsorb on the surface of the support wiht their protecting layers allwoing the preparation of semiconductor and noble metal nanocomposites by this method. The properties of these nanocomposites have been investigated by optical measurements, x-ray diffraction, small angle x-ray scattering, atomic force and transmission electron microscopy.

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