Action Cameras: Bringing Aquatic and Fisheries Research into View

Digital action cameras (ACs) are increasingly being utilized for aquatic research purposes due to their cost effectiveness, versatility, high-resolution imagery, and durability. Here we review the advantages of AC technology in research, with particular emphases on (a) research videography (both in the field and the laboratory), (b) animal-borne studies, and (c) outreach and education purposes. We also review some of the limitations of this technology as represented by environmental factors (e.g., depth, turbidity) and deployment considerations (e.g., lens choices, imaging settings, battery life). As AC technologies evolve in response to growing public interest in their application versatility, researchers are indirectly reaping the rewards, with technological advances that are innovative, cost-effective, and can withstand frequent use in dynamic and rugged field conditions. With such a diversity of options available, future usefulness of ACs in research will only be limited by the creativity of the scien...

[1]  John A. Marchant,et al.  Predicting salmon biomass remotely using a digital stereo-imaging technique , 1996 .

[2]  Lawrence M. Dill,et al.  Employing Crittercam to study habitat use and behavior of large sharks , 2001 .

[3]  Zhihai He,et al.  A new 'view' of ecology and conservation through animal-borne video systems. , 2007, Trends in ecology & evolution.

[4]  R. Young,et al.  Testing a model of drift-feeding using three- dimensional videography of wild brown trout, Salmo trutta, in a New Zealand river , 2003 .

[5]  L. Dill,et al.  Habitat use and foraging behavior of tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) in a seagrass ecosystem , 2002 .

[6]  Quantification and comparison of individual space-use strategies in foraging drift-feeding fish using fine-scale, multidimensional movement analysis , 2015 .

[7]  Robert P. Mueller,et al.  Video and acoustic camera techniques for studying fish under ice: a review and comparison , 2006, Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries.

[8]  K. Tierney,et al.  Zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model for the study of aging and exercise: Physical ability and trainability decrease with age , 2014, Experimental Gerontology.

[9]  Terrie M. Williams,et al.  Underwater Behavior of Blue Whales Using a Suction-cup Attached CRITTERCAM , 2001 .

[10]  New insight into the spawning behavior of lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, from a recovering population in the Laurentian Great Lakes , 2014, Environmental Biology of Fishes.

[11]  K. L. Croff,et al.  A remote monitoring system for Open Ocean Aquaculture , 2002, OCEANS '02 MTS/IEEE.

[12]  V. M. Brawn Underwater Television Observations of the Swimming Speed and Behaviour of Captive Herring , 1960 .

[13]  D. Booth,et al.  Changes in a fish assemblage after a coral bleaching event , 2002 .

[14]  J. Krause,et al.  Short Note: Repeated Non-Agonistic Interactions Between a Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and Sperm Whales (Physeter macrocephalus) in Azorean Waters , 2013 .

[15]  M. Pratchett,et al.  Lethal doses of oxbile, peptones and thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose agar (TCBS) for Acanthaster planci; exploring alternative population control options. , 2013, Marine pollution bulletin.

[16]  Sachit Butail,et al.  Sociality modulates the effects of ethanol in zebra fish. , 2014, Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research.

[17]  J. Assis,et al.  Performing fish counts with a wide-angle camera, a promising approach reducing divers' limitations , 2013 .

[18]  Martine S. Jordaan,et al.  Fish distributions in the Rondegat River, Cape Floristic Region, South Africa, and the immediate impact of rotenone treatment in an invaded reach , 2013 .

[19]  M. Pratchett,et al.  Increasing ocean temperatures reduce activity patterns of a large commercially important coral reef fish , 2014, Global change biology.

[20]  Gabriel M. Vianna,et al.  Assessing pelagic fish populations: The application of demersal video techniques to the mid-water environment , 2013 .

[21]  Steven J. Cooke,et al.  Construction of a Junction Box for Use with an Inexpensive, Commercially Available Underwater Video Camera Suitable for Aquatic Research , 2004 .

[22]  Frank A. Parrish,et al.  Changing Perspectives in Hawaiian Monk Seal Research Using Animal-Borne Imaging , 2007 .

[23]  J. D. Richard Fish Attraction with Pulsed Low-Frequency Sound , 1968 .

[24]  S. Cooke,et al.  Refinement of bycatch reduction devices to exclude freshwater turtles from commercial fishing nets , 2013 .

[25]  A. Rowden,et al.  Submarine canyons: hotspots of benthic biomass and productivity in the deep sea , 2010, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.

[26]  H. Barnes Under-Water Television and Marine Biology , 1952, Nature.

[27]  M. Heithaus,et al.  Animal-borne video reveals seasonal activity patterns of green sea turtles and the importance of accounting for capture stress in short-term biologging , 2014 .

[28]  O. Weyl,et al.  Underwater video analysis as a non-destructive alternative to electrofishing for sampling imperilled headwater stream fishes , 2012 .

[29]  M. Shortis,et al.  Estimation of reef fish length by divers and by stereo-video A first comparison of the accuracy and precision in the field on living fish under operational conditions , 2002 .

[30]  Rabab K. Ward,et al.  Detection and counting of uneaten food pellets in a sea cage using image analysis , 1995 .

[31]  A. Banner,et al.  Shark attraction using a video-acoustic system , 1969 .

[32]  Y. Rzhanov,et al.  Measurement of micro-bathymetry with a GOPRO underwater stereo camera pair , 2012, 2012 Oceans.

[33]  Sverker Molander,et al.  Hydrokinetic Turbine Effects on Fish Swimming Behaviour , 2013, PloS one.

[34]  Scott G. Hinch,et al.  Optimal swimming speeds and forward-assisted propulsion : energy-conserving behaviours of upriver-migrating adult salmon , 2000 .

[35]  P. He Swimming behaviour of winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus) on natural fishing grounds as observed by an underwater video camera , 2003 .

[36]  Nathan R. Geraldi,et al.  When a trap is not a trap: converging entry and exit rates and their effect on trap saturation of black sea bass (Centropristis striata) , 2013 .

[37]  J. Krause,et al.  How sailfish use their bills to capture schooling prey , 2014, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.

[38]  R. Ormond,et al.  Comparative abundance of reef sharks in the Western Indian Ocean , 2012 .

[39]  R. Livingstone Underwater Television Observations of Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus [Linnaeus]) in the Cod-End , 1962 .

[40]  Michele Scardi,et al.  Extracting fish size using dual underwater cameras , 2006 .

[41]  Comparative Swimming Performance of Five Catostomus Species and Roundtail Chub , 2014 .

[42]  W. Robbins,et al.  Hooked on fishing? Recreational angling interactions with the Critically Endangered grey nurse shark Carcharias taurus in eastern Australia , 2013 .

[43]  G. Boldrocchi,et al.  Evaluation of a low-cost, non-invasive survey technique to assess the relative abundance, diversity and behaviour of sharks on Sudanese reefs (Southern Red Sea) , 2014, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.

[44]  David M. Chosid,et al.  Quantitative analysis of the behavior of longfin inshore squid (Doryteuthis pealeii) in reaction to a species separation grid of an otter trawl , 2014 .

[45]  Siddharth Gaikwad,et al.  Modeling withdrawal syndrome in zebrafish , 2010, Behavioural Brain Research.

[46]  S. Cooke,et al.  Determination of Fish Community Composition in the Untempered Regions of a Thermal Effluent Canal – The Efficacy of a Fixed Underwater Videography System , 2002, Environmental monitoring and assessment.

[47]  E. Linney,et al.  Zebrafish as a neurotoxicological model. , 2004, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[48]  J. Krause,et al.  The personality behind cheating: behavioural types and the feeding ecology of cleaner fish , 2014 .

[49]  R. J. Petrell,et al.  Control of feed dispensation in seacages using underwater video monitoring: effects on growth and food conversion , 1997 .

[50]  T. Done,et al.  Quantitative video sampling of coral reef benthos: large-scale application , 1995, Coral Reefs.

[51]  Rudy J. Kloser,et al.  Avoidance of a camera system by a deepwater fish, the orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) , 1995 .