Transforming Surface Wave to Propagating OAM Vortex Wave via Flat Dispersive Metasurface in Radio Frequency

In this letter, we propose an approach to generate and transform surface wave to orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex wave using flat dispersive metasurface. The metasurface cell is a ring-surrounded bowtie patch, which is specifically designed for controlling the phase of the scattered fields. The phase response of every metasurface cell is optimized to meet the phase compensation required for generating OAM wave. The metasurface array operating at 10 GHz for generating multiple OAM modes of $\ell = 0$ , 1, and 2, respectively, are designed and fabricated. The simulated and experimental results demonstrate that different OAM modes can be generated. The near-field and far-field features of these arrays are measured, and the transmitting and receiving tests show that different OAM modes are isolated so that they can be used for channel multiplexing.

[1]  D. González-Ovejero,et al.  Modulated Metasurface Antennas for Space: Synthesis, Analysis and Realizations , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[2]  N. Yu,et al.  Flat optics with designer metasurfaces. , 2014, Nature materials.

[3]  Ramon Gonzalo,et al.  Dual Circularly Polarized Broadside Beam Metasurface Antenna , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[4]  J. P. Woerdman,et al.  Orbital angular momentum of light and the transformation of Laguerre-Gaussian laser modes. , 1992, Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics.

[5]  G. Minatti,et al.  A Circularly-Polarized Isoflux Antenna Based on Anisotropic Metasurface , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[6]  E. Rajo-Iglesias,et al.  Holographic Surface Leaky-Wave Lenses With Circularly-Polarized Focused Near-Fields—Part II: Experiments and Description of Frequency Steering of Focal Length , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[7]  Shixing Yu,et al.  Design, fabrication, and measurement of reflective metasurface for orbital angular momentum vortex wave in radio frequency domain , 2016 .

[8]  S. Walker,et al.  Orbital angular momentum generation in a 60GHz wireless radio channel , 2012, 2012 20th Telecommunications Forum (TELFOR).

[9]  Jiafu Wang,et al.  In-Plane Feed Antennas Based on Phase Gradient Metasurface , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[10]  Sener Uysal,et al.  Design of a wideband microstrip bowtie patch antenna , 1998 .

[11]  P. Potier,et al.  3D near-field shaping of a focused aperture , 2016, 2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP).

[12]  Yu Jian Cheng,et al.  High-Efficiency and High-Polarization Separation Reflectarray Element for OAM-Folded Antenna Application , 2017, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[13]  S. C. Pavone,et al.  Propagation of nondiffracting pulses carrying orbital angular momentum at microwave frequencies , 2017 .

[14]  Shilie Zheng,et al.  Multiplexed Millimeter Wave Communication with Dual Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) Mode Antennas , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[15]  Xianmin Zhang,et al.  An annular parabolic trough reflector array for orbital angular momentum beam focusing , 2016, 2016 IEEE International Conference on Computational Electromagnetics (ICCEM).

[16]  K. Forozesh,et al.  Orbital Angular Momentum in Radio—A System Study , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[17]  K. Mahdjoubi,et al.  Characterization of an OAM Flat-Plate Antenna in the Millimeter Frequency Band , 2014, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[18]  Juan Chen,et al.  Frequency-Scanning Planar Antenna Based on Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton , 2017, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[19]  T. Cui,et al.  Compact Feeding Network for Array Radiations of Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[20]  O. Edfors,et al.  Is Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) Based Radio Communication an Unexploited Area? , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[21]  Davide Comite,et al.  Exciting Vorticity Through Higher Order Bessel Beams With a Radial-Line Slot-Array Antenna , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[22]  Ebrahim Karimi,et al.  Generating optical orbital angular momentum at visible wavelengths using a plasmonic metasurface , 2014, Light: Science & Applications.

[23]  Robert E. Collin,et al.  Transmission Lines and Waveguides , 2001 .

[24]  E. Rajo-Iglesias,et al.  Holographic Surface Leaky-Wave Lenses With Circularly-Polarized Focused Near-Fields—Part I: Concept, Design and Analysis Theory , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[25]  M. Sabbadini,et al.  Realization and Measurement of Broadside Beam Modulated Metasurface Antennas , 2016, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[26]  B. Thid'e,et al.  Encoding many channels on the same frequency through radio vorticity: first experimental test , 2011, 1107.2348.

[27]  Shilie Zheng,et al.  Four-OAM-Mode Antenna With Traveling-Wave Ring-Slot Structure , 2017, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[28]  Kourosh Mahdjoubi,et al.  Generation of OAM waves with circular phase shifter and array of patch antennas , 2015 .

[29]  A. Tennant,et al.  Generation of OAM radio waves using circular time-switched array antenna , 2012 .

[30]  Shi-Wei Qu,et al.  Controlling Dispersion Characteristics of Terahertz Metasurface , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[31]  Ben Allen,et al.  Experimental circular phased array for generating OAM radio beams , 2014 .

[32]  Shulin Sun,et al.  Gradient-index meta-surfaces as a bridge linking propagating waves and surface waves. , 2012, Nature materials.

[33]  Matteo Oldoni,et al.  Near-Field Experimental Verification of Separation of OAM Channels , 2015, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.