Establishing Built-in Temperature Gradient for Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements in Pennsylvania

Temperature and moisture gradients that develop in concrete slabs are in twofold, transient and permanent. The slab curls in response to transient temperature gradients and warps in the presence of reversible drying shrinkage gradients. Permanent or built-in gradients include gradients that lock into the slab during hardening. Permanent gradients influence the transient curling/warping of the slab and need to be quantified. A method is proposed in this paper to establish the built-in temperature gradients for jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCPs) constructed in Pennsylvania. This method is based on the data from four instrumented JPCP projects in Pennsylvania. A temperature model is used as part of this study to estimate the built-in temperature gradient based on the climatic conditions of the paving site and the heat of hydration. The state is divided into three main climatic regions based on climatic indices and elevation of the counties across the state. Using the temperature model, the built-in temperature gradient is determined for JPCPs constructed in the three climatic regions, in different months during the construction season and at two different times of the day.

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